Table 4 Hypotheses test results Original... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4

Hypotheses test results

		Original sample (O)	Sample mean (M)	Standard deviation (STDEV)	T statistics (\|O/STDEV\|)	p values	Decision
H1	AI_Exposure → Digital creativity	0.382	0.383	0.081	4.716	0.000	Supported**
H2	AI_Exposure → Critical Thinking	0.528	0.540	0.075	7.039	0.000	Supported**
H3	AI_Exposure → Problem Solving	−0.057	−0.073	0.116	0.493	0.622	Not supported
H4	AI_Exposure → Absorptive capacity	0.681	0.688	0.066	10.349	0.000	Supported**
H5	Digital creativity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.285	0.268	0.083	3.423	0.001	Supported**
H6	Critical Thinking → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.086	0.098	0.088	0.973	0.330	Not supported
H7	Problem Solving → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	−0.187	−0.176	0.082	2.287	0.022	Not supported
H8	Absorptive capacity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.587	0.586	0.093	6.280	0.000	Supported**
	Hypotheses (moderation effects)
H_a	Creative confidence × AI_Exposure → Digital creativity	0.192	0.195	0.074	2.583	0.010	Supported**
H_b	Experience × Digital creativity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.173	0.149	0.109	1.591	0.112	Not supported
H_c	Experience × Critical Thinking → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.069	0.064	0.103	0.668	0.504	Not supported
H_d	Experience × Problem Solving → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	−0.012	−0.008	0.073	0.170	0.865	Not supported
H_e	Experience × Absorptive capacity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.152	0.115	0.054	2.303	0.000	Supported**

		Original sample (O)	Sample mean (M)	Standard deviation (STDEV)	T statistics (\|O/STDEV\|)	p values	Decision
H1	AI_Exposure → Digital creativity	0.382	0.383	0.081	4.716	0.000	Supported**
H2	AI_Exposure → Critical Thinking	0.528	0.540	0.075	7.039	0.000	Supported**
H3	AI_Exposure → Problem Solving	−0.057	−0.073	0.116	0.493	0.622	Not supported
H4	AI_Exposure → Absorptive capacity	0.681	0.688	0.066	10.349	0.000	Supported**
H5	Digital creativity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.285	0.268	0.083	3.423	0.001	Supported**
H6	Critical Thinking → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.086	0.098	0.088	0.973	0.330	Not supported
H7	Problem Solving → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	−0.187	−0.176	0.082	2.287	0.022	Not supported
H8	Absorptive capacity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.587	0.586	0.093	6.280	0.000	Supported**
	Hypotheses (moderation effects)
H_a	Creative confidence × AI_Exposure → Digital creativity	0.192	0.195	0.074	2.583	0.010	Supported**
H_b	Experience × Digital creativity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.173	0.149	0.109	1.591	0.112	Not supported
H_c	Experience × Critical Thinking → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.069	0.064	0.103	0.668	0.504	Not supported
H_d	Experience × Problem Solving → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	−0.012	−0.008	0.073	0.170	0.865	Not supported
H_e	Experience × Absorptive capacity → Tourism Students' _Innovation Capabilities	0.152	0.115	0.054	2.303	0.000	Supported**

Note(s): **: highly significant if p-value ≤0.01 *: significant if p-value <0.05