Table 1 Summary of variables used in the... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Summary of variables used in the research models

Variables	Symbol	Definition	Data sources
Dependent variables
Bank performance	ROA	Return on Assets	Fiinpro
Bank risk	NPL	The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans	Fiinpro
Independent variables
Global economic policy uncertainty	GEPU	Natural logarithm of the Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index	www.policyuncertainty.com
Bank capital	EA	Equity to total assets ratio	Fiinpro
Interaction term	GEPU × EA	GEPU × EA
Control variables
Credit growth	GROW_CRE	Growth rate of credit	Fiinpro
Interest expense	INC	Ratio of interest expenses to total assets	Fiinpro
Operating expense	COST	Ratio of operating expenses to total assets	Fiinpro
Bank size	SIZE	Natural logarithm of total assets	Fiinpro
Economic growth	GDP	Annual per capita GDP growth rate of Vietnam (%)	World Bank
Inflation	INF	Consumer price inflation rate of Vietnam (%) annually	World Bank

Variables	Symbol	Definition	Data sources
Dependent variables
Bank performance	ROA	Return on Assets	Fiinpro
Bank risk	NPL	The ratio of non-performing loans to total loans	Fiinpro
Independent variables
Global economic policy uncertainty	GEPU	Natural logarithm of the Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index	www.policyuncertainty.com
Bank capital	EA	Equity to total assets ratio	Fiinpro
Interaction term	GEPU × EA	GEPU × EA
Control variables
Credit growth	GROW_CRE	Growth rate of credit	Fiinpro
Interest expense	INC	Ratio of interest expenses to total assets	Fiinpro
Operating expense	COST	Ratio of operating expenses to total assets	Fiinpro
Bank size	SIZE	Natural logarithm of total assets	Fiinpro
Economic growth	GDP	Annual per capita GDP growth rate of Vietnam (%)	World Bank
Inflation	INF	Consumer price inflation rate of Vietnam (%) annually	World Bank

Source(s): Table created by authors