Table 5

Correlation matrix

VIFs(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)
CSR_DISC (1) 1.000        
CASH_HOLD (2)1.59−0.079***        
BOARD_GEN_DIVER (3)2.610.522***0.522***1.000      
ROA (4)1.180.036***0.151***0.148***1.000     
LEV (5)1.230.062***−0.261***0.045***−0.325***1.000    
SIZE (6)2.050.683***−0.192***0.343***−0.107***0.224***1.000   
BOARD_IND (7)2.030.585***−0.145***0.677***0.141***0.025***0.392***1.000  
BOARD_SIZE (8)2.500.745***−0.119***0.499***0.028***0.084***0.652***0.528***1.000 
BOARD_MEET (9)1.450.603***−0.112***0.466***0.0120.028***0.411***0.580***0.531***1.000
CEODUALITY (10)1.280.374***−0.015*0.225***0.054***0.0070.330***0.332***0.393***0.272***
CSR_COMMIT (11)1.720.764***−0.102***0.372***−0.031***0.067***0.524***0.447***0.564***0.483***
BASIC MATERIALS (12)1.67−0.042***−0.050***−0.078***−0.074***0.021**−0.078***−0.052***−0.088***−0.060***
CONSUMER CYCLICAL (13)1.740.016*−0.0020.022**0.062***−0.062***−0.035***0.016*0.0030.016*
CONSUMER NON-CYCLICAL (14)1.57−0.059***−0.020*−0.016*0.035***0.015*−0.112***−0.083***−0.079***−0.086***
ENERGY (15)1.41−0.083***−0.073***−0.041***−0.037***−0.0090.0130.035***−0.051***−0.016
HEALTHCARE (16)1.47−0.051***0.080***0.056***0.096***−0.035***−0.081***0.037***−0.051***0.021**
INDUSTRIALS (17)1.830.133***0.035***0.028***−0.058***0.076***0.150***0.042***0.185***0.078***
TECHNOLOGY (18)1.57−0.010***0.210***−0.036***0.074***−0.197***−0.071***−0.024**−0.067***−0.029***
TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES (19)1.160.025**−0.064***0.029***−0.080***0.073***0.122***0.023*0.055***0.042***
UTILITIES (20)1.400.055***−0.178***0.067***−0.092***0.168***0.168***0.030***0.101***0.056****
(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)
CSR_DISC (1)          
CASH_HOLD (2)          
BOARD_GEN_DIVER (3)          
ROA (4)          
LEV (5)          
SIZE (6)          
BOARD_IND (7)          
BOARD_SIZE (8)          
BOARD_MEET (9)          
CEODUALITY (10)1.000         
CSR_COMMIT (11)0.267***1.000        
BASIC MATERIALS (12)−0.069***0.0071.000       
CONSUMER CYCLICAL (13)0.034***−0.008−0.1951.000      
CONSUMER NON-CYCLICAL (14)−0.044***−0.067***−0.162***−0.167***1.000     
ENERGY (15)−0.032***−0.014−0.130***−0.134***−0.111***1.000    
HEALTHCARE (16)0.015*−0.056***−0.136***−0.140***−0.117***−0.093***1.000   
INDUSTRIALS (17)0.068***0.102***−0.206***−0.212***−0.176***−0.141***−0.148***1.000  
TECHNOLOGY (18)0.039***−0.053***−0.149***−0.153***−0.127***−0.102***−0.107***−0.161***1.000 
TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES (19)−0.0090.020**−0.070***−0.072***−0.060***−0.048***−0.050***−0.076***−0.055***1.000
UTILITIES (20)−0.023*0.064***−0.118***−0.121***−0.101***−0.081***−0.084***−0.128***−0.092***−0.043***

Note(s): Matrix Correlations. CSR_DISC is the ratio between the aggregation of 123 items concerning social and environmental issues and the total items (123); CASH_HOLD is the ratio between the ratio of cash and cash equivalents divided by total assets; BOARD_GEN_DIVER is the ratio between the total number of female directors on board divided by the total number of board directors; ROA is the proportion of operate income before interests and taxes over total assets; LEV is the ratio calculated as the ratio of total debt to total assets; SIZE is the logarithm of total assets; BOARD_IND is the proportion of independent directors on boards; BOARD_SIZE is the number of directors on corporate boards; BOARD_MEET is the number of meetings held by boards a year; CEODUALITY is the dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the same person serves simultaneously as CEO and President of the board and 0, otherwise; CSR_COMMIT is the dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the company has a CSR committee, and 0 otherwise; Basic Materials if the company operates in Basic Materials sector and 0, otherwise; Consumer Cyclical if the company operates in Consumer Cyclical sector and 0, otherwise; Consumer Non-Cyclical if the company operates in Consumer Non-Cyclical sector and 0, otherwise; Energy if the company operates in Energy sector and 0, otherwise; Healthcare if the company operates in Healthcare sector and 0, otherwise; Industrials if the company operates in Industrials sector and 0, otherwise; Technology if the company operates in Technology sector and 0, otherwise; Telecommunication Services if the company operates in Telecommunication Services sector and 0, otherwise; Utilities if the company operates in Utilities sector and 0, otherwise. *p-value < 0.1 **p-value < 0.05 ***p-value < 0.01

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