Table 6

Multivariate analysis results of the generalised method of moments

MODEL 1MODEL 2
Coef.Coef.
CSR_DISC(t−1)0.176*** (0.005)0.234*** (0.000)
CASH_HOLD0.078*** (0.000)0.090*** (0.000)
ROA0.002* (0.061)0.001 (0.224)
LEV−0.057 (0.522)0.057 (0.361)
SIZE0.004 (0.580)−0.004 (0.432)
BOARD_IND0.010** (0.010)0.000 (0.796)
BOARD_SIZE0.015*** (0.000)0.021*** (0.000)
BOARD_MEET−0.007*** (0.003)−0.004** (0.032)
CEODUALITY0.027 (0.396)−0.014** (0.036)
CSR_COMMIT0.180*** (0.000)0.176*** (0.000)
CONSUMER CYCLICAL−0.120 (0.103)−0143** (0.013)
CONSUMER NON-CYCLICAL0.006 (0.950)−0.081 (0.200)
ENERGY−0.128 (0.136)−0.058 (0.439)
HEALTHCARE−0.076 (0.502)−0.178*** (0.004)
INDUSTRIALS0.038 (0.601)−0.125** (0.015)
TECHNOLOGY0.022 (0.770)0.037 (0.533)
TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES−0.016 (0.939)−0.111 (0.415)
UTILITIES−0.183 (0.161)−0.226*** (0.002)
BOARD_GEN_DIVER 0.005 (0.276)
CASH_HOLD x BOARD_GEN_DIVER −0.003*** (0.004)
Year effectsYesYes
Wald χ2 test4.233′02***4.066′20***
Arellano−–Bond test AR(1) (z, p>|z|)−5.94 (0.000)−8.32 (0.008)
Arellano−–Bond test AR(2) (z, p>|z|)−1.27 (0.204)−1.13 (0.259)
Hansen test (chi−square, p>|χ2|)15.50 (0.488)27.66 (0.770)

Note(s): Multivariate analysis results of the Generalised Method of Moments. CSR_DISC is the ratio between the aggregation of 123 items concerning social and environmental issues and the total items (123); CASH_HOLD is the ratio between the ratio of cash and cash equivalents divided by total assets; BOARD_GEN_DIVER is the ratio between the total number of female directors on the board divided by the total number of board directors; ROA is the proportion of operate income before interests and taxes over total assets; LEV is the ratio calculated as the ratio of total debt to total assets; SIZE is the logarithm of total assets; BOARD_IND is the proportion of independent directors on boards; BOARD_SIZE is the number of directors on corporate boards; BOARD_MEET is the number of meetings held by boards a year; CEODUALITY is the dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the same person serves simultaneously as CEO and President of the board and 0, otherwise; CSR_COMMIT is the dummy variable that takes the value 1 if the company has a CSR committee, and 0 otherwise; Basic Materials if the company operates in Basic Materials sector and 0, otherwise; Consumer Cyclical if the company operates in Consumer Cyclical sector and 0, otherwise; Consumer Non-Cyclical if the company operates in Consumer Non-Cyclical sector and 0, otherwise; Energy if the company operates in Energy sector and 0, otherwise; Healthcare if the company operates in Healthcare sector and 0, otherwise; Industrials if the company operates in Industrials sector and 0, otherwise; Technology if the company operates in Technology sector and 0, otherwise; Telecommunication Services if the company operates in Telecommunication Services sector and 0, otherwise; Utilities if the company operates in Utilities sector and 0, otherwise. *p-value < 0.1 **p-value < 0.05 ***p-value < 0.01

or Create an Account

Close Modal
Close Modal