Table 1 Definition of CC in the... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Definition of CC in the literature following Ertz et al. (2019)

Reference	Definition of CC	Comparison criteria
Reference	Definition of CC	Web-facilitated	Offline	Transfer of ownership	Free exchanges	Company – owned resources	Market mechanism	Triadic stakeholder relationship
Felson and Spaeth (1978, p. 614)	“Those events in which one or more persons consume economic goods or services in the process engaging in joint activities with one or more others.”		X		X
Botsman and Rogers (2010, p. xv)	“The rapid explosion in swapping, sharing, bartering, trading and renting being reinvented through the latest technologies and peer-to-peer marketplaces in ways and on a scale never possible before.”	X	X	X	X	X		X
Bardhi and Eckhardt (2012, p. 881)	“Access-based consumption as transactions that may be market mediated but where no transfer of ownership takes place.”	X	X		X	X
Belk (2014, p. 1597)	“People coordinating the acquisition and distribution of a resource for a fee or other compensation.”	X				X	X
Hamari et al. (2015, p. 2)	“Peer-to-peer based activity of obtaining, giving, or sharing the access to goods and services, coordinated through community-based online services.”	X		X	X			X
European Parliament (2016, p. 11)	The use of digital platforms or portals to reduce the scale for viable hiring transactions or viable participation in consumer hiring markets […] and thereby reduce the extent to which assets are under-utilised.”	X				X	X	X
Benoit et al. (2017, p. 220)	The researcher describes CC via three characteristics, precisely “(1) the number and type of actors, (2), the nature of the exchange, and the (3) directness of exchange.”	X		X			X	X

Reference	Definition of CC	Comparison criteria
Reference	Definition of CC	Web-facilitated	Offline	Transfer of ownership	Free exchanges	Company – owned resources	Market mechanism	Triadic stakeholder relationship
Felson and Spaeth (1978, p. 614)	“Those events in which one or more persons consume economic goods or services in the process engaging in joint activities with one or more others.”		X		X
Botsman and Rogers (2010, p. xv)	“The rapid explosion in swapping, sharing, bartering, trading and renting being reinvented through the latest technologies and peer-to-peer marketplaces in ways and on a scale never possible before.”	X	X	X	X	X		X
Bardhi and Eckhardt (2012, p. 881)	“Access-based consumption as transactions that may be market mediated but where no transfer of ownership takes place.”	X	X		X	X
Belk (2014, p. 1597)	“People coordinating the acquisition and distribution of a resource for a fee or other compensation.”	X				X	X
Hamari et al. (2015, p. 2)	“Peer-to-peer based activity of obtaining, giving, or sharing the access to goods and services, coordinated through community-based online services.”	X		X	X			X
European Parliament (2016, p. 11)	The use of digital platforms or portals to reduce the scale for viable hiring transactions or viable participation in consumer hiring markets […] and thereby reduce the extent to which assets are under-utilised.”	X				X	X	X
Benoit et al. (2017, p. 220)	The researcher describes CC via three characteristics, precisely “(1) the number and type of actors, (2), the nature of the exchange, and the (3) directness of exchange.”	X		X			X	X

Source(s): Created by author