Table 7 Effects of liner shipping...

Table 7

Effects of liner shipping connectivity on green export margins in subsamples of higher-income and lower-income exporters with endogeneity correction

Exporters	Higher-income countries		Lower-income countries
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
Variables	EM	IM	EM	IM
${B L S C I}_{i, j, t - 1}$	−0.261***	0.734***	0.124***	0.521***
${B L S C I}_{i, j, t - 1}$	(0.00515)	(0.0223)	(0.0129)	(0.0644)
${B L S C I_R E S I D}_{i, j, t - 1}$	0.238***	−0.669***	−0.144***	−0.469***
${B L S C I_R E S I D}_{i, j, t - 1}$	(0.0112)	(0.0523)	(0.0245)	(0.119)
$\ln {D I S T}_{i, j}$	−0.406***	−0.190***	−0.461***	−0.0886***
$\ln {D I S T}_{i, j}$	(0.00318)	(0.0129)	(0.00660)	(0.0296)
${R T A}_{i, j, t - 1}$	0.00734	0.165***	0.171***	0.172***
${R T A}_{i, j, t - 1}$	(0.00449)	(0.0164)	(0.00746)	(0.0431)
${C O N T}_{i, j}$	−0.184***	0.577***	0.242***	0.696***
${C O N T}_{i, j}$	(0.0153)	(0.0293)	(0.0168)	(0.0663)
${C O L}_{i, j}$	0.105***	0.0686	0.198***	−0.196***
${C O L}_{i, j}$	(0.0103)	(0.0442)	(0.0123)	(0.0492)
${C O M L A N G}_{i, j}$	0.339***	0.177***	0.340***	−0.124***
${C O M L A N G}_{i, j}$	(0.00555)	(0.0211)	(0.00890)	(0.0422)
Constant	3.350***	−2.812***	2.080***	−3.215***
Constant	(0.0334)	(0.147)	(0.0793)	(0.336)
Exporter-year FEs	YES	YES	YES	YES
Importer-year FEs	YES	YES	YES	YES
Observations	108,002	108,002	67,526	67,526

Exporters	Higher-income countries		Lower-income countries
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)
Variables	EM	IM	EM	IM
${B L S C I}_{i, j, t - 1}$	−0.261***	0.734***	0.124***	0.521***
${B L S C I}_{i, j, t - 1}$	(0.00515)	(0.0223)	(0.0129)	(0.0644)
${B L S C I_R E S I D}_{i, j, t - 1}$	0.238***	−0.669***	−0.144***	−0.469***
${B L S C I_R E S I D}_{i, j, t - 1}$	(0.0112)	(0.0523)	(0.0245)	(0.119)
$\ln {D I S T}_{i, j}$	−0.406***	−0.190***	−0.461***	−0.0886***
$\ln {D I S T}_{i, j}$	(0.00318)	(0.0129)	(0.00660)	(0.0296)
${R T A}_{i, j, t - 1}$	0.00734	0.165***	0.171***	0.172***
${R T A}_{i, j, t - 1}$	(0.00449)	(0.0164)	(0.00746)	(0.0431)
${C O N T}_{i, j}$	−0.184***	0.577***	0.242***	0.696***
${C O N T}_{i, j}$	(0.0153)	(0.0293)	(0.0168)	(0.0663)
${C O L}_{i, j}$	0.105***	0.0686	0.198***	−0.196***
${C O L}_{i, j}$	(0.0103)	(0.0442)	(0.0123)	(0.0492)
${C O M L A N G}_{i, j}$	0.339***	0.177***	0.340***	−0.124***
${C O M L A N G}_{i, j}$	(0.00555)	(0.0211)	(0.00890)	(0.0422)
Constant	3.350***	−2.812***	2.080***	−3.215***
Constant	(0.0334)	(0.147)	(0.0793)	(0.336)
Exporter-year FEs	YES	YES	YES	YES
Importer-year FEs	YES	YES	YES	YES
Observations	108,002	108,002	67,526	67,526

Note(s): Endogeneity is addressed using a control-function approach with residuals constructed from first-stage regressions. Robust standard errors clustered at the country-pair level are shown in parentheses. Symbols *, **, and *** denote statistical significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively

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