Table 3 Results of the structural model...

Table 3

Results of the structural model analysis and verification of research hypotheses

Path	β	Bootstrapping						Remark
		Sample mean	SD	t-statistics	p-values	Confidence interval bias-corrected
		Sample mean	SD	t-statistics	p-values	2.50%	97.50%
Direct effects
IN → SUSM	0.433	0.443	0.07	6.153	0.000	0.259	0.547	H1 supported
IN → FC	0.399	0.408	0.068	5.844	0.000	0.254	0.522	H2_FC supported
SUSM → FC	0.076	0.076	0.083	0.916	0.360	–0.085	0.238	H3_FC not supported
IN → FG	0.537	0.540	0.052	10.235	0.000	0.425	0.631	H2_FG supported
SUSM → FG	0.142	0.143	0.062	2.301	0.021	0.013	0.255	H3_FG supported
Indirect effect
IN → SUSM → FC	0.033	0.032	0.036	0.908	0.364	–0.039	0.104	H4_FC not supported
IN → SUSM → FG	0.061	0.062	0.028	2.161	0.031	0.006	0.118	H4_FG supported

Path	β	Bootstrapping						Remark
		Sample mean	SD	t-statistics	p-values	Confidence interval bias-corrected
		Sample mean	SD	t-statistics	p-values	2.50%	97.50%
Direct effects
IN → SUSM	0.433	0.443	0.07	6.153	0.000	0.259	0.547	H1 supported
IN → FC	0.399	0.408	0.068	5.844	0.000	0.254	0.522	H2_FC supported
SUSM → FC	0.076	0.076	0.083	0.916	0.360	–0.085	0.238	H3_FC not supported
IN → FG	0.537	0.540	0.052	10.235	0.000	0.425	0.631	H2_FG supported
SUSM → FG	0.142	0.143	0.062	2.301	0.021	0.013	0.255	H3_FG supported
Indirect effect
IN → SUSM → FC	0.033	0.032	0.036	0.908	0.364	–0.039	0.104	H4_FC not supported
IN → SUSM → FG	0.061	0.062	0.028	2.161	0.031	0.006	0.118	H4_FG supported

Note(s):

β = standardised path coefficient; CI = confidence interval; p-values are two-tailed. Significance was assessed using bias-corrected bootstrapping with 5,000 resamples. Hypotheses with the suffix FC or FG refer to firm competitiveness and firm growth models, respectively. Relationships are considered significant at p < 0.05

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