Table 1. Descriptive statistics and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and correlations

Variables	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1. Future focus	1.61	0.52	1.00
2. Present focus	6.27	1.47	0.28	1.00
3. Past focus	2.12	0.66	−0.09	0.02	1.00
4. Female	0.04	0.19	0.01	−0.05	−0.02	1.00
5. Age	56.99	6.10	0.09	0.05	0.07	−0.06	1.00
6. Tenure	6.95	5.62	0.09	0.07	0.07	−0.09	0.41	1.00
7. Recession	0.21	0.41	0.01	−0.02	0.04	0.02	0.10	0.04	1.00
8. Tobin’s Q	1.98	1.11	−0.15	−0.12	−0.05	0.04	−0.03	−0.00	0.01	1.00
9. ROA	0.06	0.07	−0.13	−0.09	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.01	0.53	1.00
10. Leverage	0.25	0.18	0.05	0.01	0.02	−0.01	−0.04	−0.09	−0.02	−0.13	−0.19	1.00
11. Firm size	8.24	1.57	−0.01	0.05	−0.03	0.02	0.02	−0.13	−0.08	−0.19	−0.06	0.30	1.00
12. Asset durability	13.53	8.78	0.19	0.05	0.04	0.06	0.09	0.01	0.04	−0.17	−0.06	0.23	0.18	1.00
13. R&D intensity	0.02	0.04	−0.09	−0.10	−0.17	−0.05	−0.04	0.06	−0.01	0.35	0.07	−0.24	−0.20	−0.29	1.00
14. Capital intensity	0.04	0.04	0.15	0.09	−0.01	0.06	0.08	0.01	0.05	0.02	0.05	0.06	−0.04	0.37	−0.18	1.00
15. Restricted stock	4.10	5.93	−0.09	0.01	−0.05	0.04	−0.01	−0.06	−0.05	0.11	0.11	0.02	0.34	−0.06	0.06	0.00	1.00
16. Exercisable option	6.22	14.94	−0.06	0.00	0.02	−0.06	0.08	0.16	−0.01	0.25	0.18	0.09	0.25	−0.07	0.08	−0.04	0.18	1.00
17. Un-exercisable option	2.28	4.90	−0.08	−0.06	0.01	−0.03	0.01	0.03	0.00	0.23	0.18	0.05	0.27	−0.05	0.06	−0.04	0.22	0.61	1.00
18. Cash pay	0.23	0.17	0.06	0.06	0.07	−0.03	0.11	0.24	−0.02	−0.04	−0.05	−0.11	−0.40	0.02	−0.03	0.04	−0.26	−0.16	−0.18	1.00

Variables	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
1. Future focus	1.61	0.52	1.00
2. Present focus	6.27	1.47	0.28	1.00
3. Past focus	2.12	0.66	−0.09	0.02	1.00
4. Female	0.04	0.19	0.01	−0.05	−0.02	1.00
5. Age	56.99	6.10	0.09	0.05	0.07	−0.06	1.00
6. Tenure	6.95	5.62	0.09	0.07	0.07	−0.09	0.41	1.00
7. Recession	0.21	0.41	0.01	−0.02	0.04	0.02	0.10	0.04	1.00
8. Tobin’s Q	1.98	1.11	−0.15	−0.12	−0.05	0.04	−0.03	−0.00	0.01	1.00
9. ROA	0.06	0.07	−0.13	−0.09	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.04	0.01	0.53	1.00
10. Leverage	0.25	0.18	0.05	0.01	0.02	−0.01	−0.04	−0.09	−0.02	−0.13	−0.19	1.00
11. Firm size	8.24	1.57	−0.01	0.05	−0.03	0.02	0.02	−0.13	−0.08	−0.19	−0.06	0.30	1.00
12. Asset durability	13.53	8.78	0.19	0.05	0.04	0.06	0.09	0.01	0.04	−0.17	−0.06	0.23	0.18	1.00
13. R&D intensity	0.02	0.04	−0.09	−0.10	−0.17	−0.05	−0.04	0.06	−0.01	0.35	0.07	−0.24	−0.20	−0.29	1.00
14. Capital intensity	0.04	0.04	0.15	0.09	−0.01	0.06	0.08	0.01	0.05	0.02	0.05	0.06	−0.04	0.37	−0.18	1.00
15. Restricted stock	4.10	5.93	−0.09	0.01	−0.05	0.04	−0.01	−0.06	−0.05	0.11	0.11	0.02	0.34	−0.06	0.06	0.00	1.00
16. Exercisable option	6.22	14.94	−0.06	0.00	0.02	−0.06	0.08	0.16	−0.01	0.25	0.18	0.09	0.25	−0.07	0.08	−0.04	0.18	1.00
17. Un-exercisable option	2.28	4.90	−0.08	−0.06	0.01	−0.03	0.01	0.03	0.00	0.23	0.18	0.05	0.27	−0.05	0.06	−0.04	0.22	0.61	1.00
18. Cash pay	0.23	0.17	0.06	0.06	0.07	−0.03	0.11	0.24	−0.02	−0.04	−0.05	−0.11	−0.40	0.02	−0.03	0.04	−0.26	−0.16	−0.18	1.00

Note(s):

n = 3,282