Table 1 Search strings for selected... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Search strings for selected literature sources

Database	Search fields	Search strings (title OR keywords OR abstract)	Time span
Web of science	Title, Abstract, Keywords	Group 1 (CEO early-life experiences/background): “early-life experience” OR “childhood experience” OR “formative experience” OR “early adversity” OR “early hardship” OR “childhood background” OR “socioeconomic origin” OR “family background” OR “birthplace characteristics” OR “military experience” OR “war exposure” OR “refugee background” OR “life history” OR “earthquake*” OR “natural disaster”	2000–July 2025
		Group 2 (CEO/executives): “CEO” OR “chief executive officer” OR “executive” OR “top manager” OR “senior manager” OR “corporate leader*” OR “managerial background”
		Group 3 (firm outcomes/corporate policies): “financial leverage” OR “capital structure” OR “firm performance” OR “corporate outcome” OR “risk-taking” OR “investment decision” OR “debt policy” OR “strategic decision” OR “corporate behavior” OR “financing structure”

Database	Search fields	Search strings (title OR keywords OR abstract)	Time span
Web of science	Title, Abstract, Keywords	Group 1 (CEO early-life experiences/background): “early-life experience” OR “childhood experience” OR “formative experience” OR “early adversity” OR “early hardship” OR “childhood background” OR “socioeconomic origin” OR “family background” OR “birthplace characteristics” OR “military experience” OR “war exposure” OR “refugee background” OR “life history” OR “earthquake*” OR “natural disaster”	2000–July 2025
		Group 2 (CEO/executives): “CEO” OR “chief executive officer” OR “executive” OR “top manager” OR “senior manager” OR “corporate leader*” OR “managerial background”
		Group 3 (firm outcomes/corporate policies): “financial leverage” OR “capital structure” OR “firm performance” OR “corporate outcome” OR “risk-taking” OR “investment decision” OR “debt policy” OR “strategic decision” OR “corporate behavior” OR “financing structure”

Source(s): Author’s compilation