The mediating effects
| No | Indirect path | Indirect effect (β) | Significance level (p) | Decision |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H5 | PP → GU → PE | 0.263 | <0.005 | Supported |
| H6 | PP → GU → PW | 0.265 | <0.005 | Supported |
| H7 | GPI → GU → PE | 0.113 | <0.005 | Supported |
| H8 | GPI → GU → PW | 0.113 | <0.005 | Supported |
| No | Indirect path | Indirect effect (β) | Significance level ( | Decision |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PP → GU → PE | 0.263 | <0.005 | Supported | |
| PP → GU → PW | 0.265 | <0.005 | Supported | |
| GPI → GU → PE | 0.113 | <0.005 | Supported | |
| GPI → GU → PW | 0.113 | <0.005 | Supported |
Note(s): GPI - gadget promotion and influence, PP - peer pressure, GU - gadget usage, PE - physical effect and PW - psychological well-being
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