Descriptive statistics for market value (MV) and transfer fee (TF) samples
| Market value: MV | Transfer fees: TF, MV ex-ante and MV ex-post | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Obs | Mean | Std. dev | Min | Max | Obs | Mean | Std. dev | Min | Max |
| MVex-post (€M) | 1,440 | 15.03 | 16.84 | 0.20 | 180.00 | |||||
| MVex-ante (€M) | 1,440 | 12.62 | 15.21 | 0.10 | 150.00 | |||||
| MV/TF (€M) | 4,264 | 15.79 | 17.85 | 0.00 | 200.00 | 1,440 | 13.81 | 16.66 | 0.07 | 121.00 |
| AGE (years) | 4,264 | 24.72 | 3.53 | 16.00 | 37.00 | 1,440 | 24.29 | 3.44 | 16.00 | 36.00 |
| HEIGHT (cm) | 4,264 | 182.73 | 6.45 | 166.00 | 206.00 | 1,440 | 182.95 | 6.47 | 166.00 | 206.00 |
| APPEAR | 4,264 | 28.89 | 12.05 | 0.00 | 64.00 | 1,440 | 29.53 | 11.37 | 1.00 | 61.00 |
| GOALS | 4,264 | 3.53 | 5.08 | 0.00 | 52.00 | 1,440 | 3.44 | 4.97 | 0.00 | 52.00 |
| GOAIN | 4,264 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.00 | 3.00 | 1,440 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.00 | 2.00 |
| CHANGE | 4,264 | 7.90 | 6.30 | 0.00 | 35.00 | 1,440 | 8.92 | 6.81 | 0.00 | 33.00 |
| SUBST | 4,264 | 9.04 | 6.89 | 0.00 | 41.00 | 1,440 | 9.38 | 7.02 | 0.00 | 37.00 |
| ASSIST | 4,264 | 2.59 | 3.02 | 0.00 | 25.00 | 1,440 | 2.51 | 2.88 | 0.00 | 24.00 |
| CARDS | 4,264 | 4.17 | 3.24 | 0.00 | 23.00 | 1,440 | 4.06 | 3.11 | 0.00 | 19.00 |
| INSTAGR | 4,264 | 1.40 | 3.64 | 0.10 | 41.72 | 1,440 | 1.21 | 3.27 | 0.10 | 41.72 |
| CLUBSCORE (thousands) | 4,264 | 30.14 | 33.84 | 1.58 | 145.00 | – | – | – | – | – |
| NEGO | – | – | – | – | – | 1,440 | 10.80 | 24.86 | 0.01 | 14.00 |
| Market value: | Transfer fees: | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Obs | Mean | Std. dev | Min | Max | Obs | Mean | Std. dev | Min | Max |
| 1,440 | 15.03 | 16.84 | 0.20 | 180.00 | ||||||
| 1,440 | 12.62 | 15.21 | 0.10 | 150.00 | ||||||
| 4,264 | 15.79 | 17.85 | 0.00 | 200.00 | 1,440 | 13.81 | 16.66 | 0.07 | 121.00 | |
| 4,264 | 24.72 | 3.53 | 16.00 | 37.00 | 1,440 | 24.29 | 3.44 | 16.00 | 36.00 | |
| 4,264 | 182.73 | 6.45 | 166.00 | 206.00 | 1,440 | 182.95 | 6.47 | 166.00 | 206.00 | |
| 4,264 | 28.89 | 12.05 | 0.00 | 64.00 | 1,440 | 29.53 | 11.37 | 1.00 | 61.00 | |
| 4,264 | 3.53 | 5.08 | 0.00 | 52.00 | 1,440 | 3.44 | 4.97 | 0.00 | 52.00 | |
| 4,264 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.00 | 3.00 | 1,440 | 0.07 | 0.28 | 0.00 | 2.00 | |
| 4,264 | 7.90 | 6.30 | 0.00 | 35.00 | 1,440 | 8.92 | 6.81 | 0.00 | 33.00 | |
| 4,264 | 9.04 | 6.89 | 0.00 | 41.00 | 1,440 | 9.38 | 7.02 | 0.00 | 37.00 | |
| 4,264 | 2.59 | 3.02 | 0.00 | 25.00 | 1,440 | 2.51 | 2.88 | 0.00 | 24.00 | |
| 4,264 | 4.17 | 3.24 | 0.00 | 23.00 | 1,440 | 4.06 | 3.11 | 0.00 | 19.00 | |
| 4,264 | 1.40 | 3.64 | 0.10 | 41.72 | 1,440 | 1.21 | 3.27 | 0.10 | 41.72 | |
| 4,264 | 30.14 | 33.84 | 1.58 | 145.00 | – | – | – | – | – | |
| – | – | – | – | – | 1,440 | 10.80 | 24.86 | 0.01 | 14.00 | |
Note(s): This table presents summary statistics for two distinct datasets used in the study. The MV column (N = 4,264) represents the full balanced panel of players across the analyzed period. The TF column (N = 1,440) is a specific subsample of players who underwent a permanent transfer, allowing for the observation of MV ex-ante (beginning of year), TF (transfer fee) and MV ex-post (end of year)
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