Table 1 Decision variables of the model...

Table 1

Decision variables of the model

Decision variable	Description
$x_{i j}^{s t}$	Binary decision variable. $x_{i j}^{s t}$ = 1 if train flow $f_{s t}$ passes through arc $(i, j)$ ⁠; otherwise, $x_{i j}^{s t}$ = 0
$f_{s t}$	Number of trains assigned from hub station $s$ to external direction $t$ (trains/day)

Decision variable	Description
$x_{i j}^{s t}$	Binary decision variable. $x_{i j}^{s t}$ = 1 if train flow $f_{s t}$ passes through arc $(i, j)$ ; otherwise, $x_{i j}^{s t}$ = 0
$f_{s t}$	Number of trains assigned from hub station $s$ to external direction $t$ (trains/day)

Source(s): Authors' own work

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