Table 2

Key organizational challenges from the qualitative data

Specific organizational barrierKey impactEmpirical evidence
Personnel time consumed by basic workPrevents strategic development work and training“Staff time goes largely to basic work, learning new skills always takes time” (R18)
Limited leadership comprehension of AI benefitsInadequate support and resource commitment“Top management does not understand how AI would concretely bring something new” (R18)
Price-focused rather than value-based purchasingResults in inadequate technology that provides little value“only the cheapest solutions are adopted” (R16)
Hierarchical and inflexible work cultureCreates years-long delays in implementation decisions“Social and healthcare culture is still hierarchical and rigid” (R21)
Fear-based attitudes toward new technologyStaff avoid adoption due to concerns about competence“Attitude against everything new unfortunately often stems from fear of not knowing how” (R2)
Insufficient qualified professionals availableCannot recruit, develop, or retain necessary talent“I don’t believe sufficient expertise can be found within wellbeing services counties” (R18)
Weak technology competence in social carePrevents effective utilization of AI tools“on the social care side, digital and technology competence is really minimal generally” (R28)
Poor collaboration between IT and clinical staffCreates implementation bottlenecks and conflicts“ICT administration is quite far from service production and communication seems limited” (R29)
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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