Table 3 Characteristics of the three... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

Characteristics of the three clusters

Cluster	Description	Time range	Included articles
1 (red): efficiency-enhancing cooperation	Networks used for efficiency gains, mostly through cooperation between and within healthcare providers. Dominated by quantitative studies published in healthcare journals	1997–2019	Angiola and Bianchi (2017), Bazzoli et al. (1998), Brewster et al. (2019), Huang (2014), Huang et al. (2019), Huang and Provan (2007, 2008), Provan (2006), Lam and Li (2020), Martin et al. (2009), Matinheikki et al. (2017), Moore et al. (2007), Morrissey et al. (1997, 2002), Parchman et al. (2011), Provan and Huang (2012)
2 (blue): efficiency-enhancing integration	Increased efficiency and decreased fragmentation are common rationales. Networks usually include both healthcare and social service actors, often co-organised or integrated by government facilitated cooperation. Mixed journals and methods but often involving psychiatry	2002–2021	Alvarado et al. (2012), Bohnet-Joschko et al. (2019), Breton et al. (2017), Fleury (2006), Fleury et al. (2008, 2017), Fleury and Mercier (2002), Fleury et al. (2002), Longpre and Dubois (2015), Lorant et al. (2016, 2019), Nicaise et al. (2021), Siegler and Brennan-Ing (2017), Vargas et al. (2015)
3 (green): involvement for co-creation	Mixed rationales, but the only cluster focusing on co-creation. Patients and families are often explicitly involved in addition to healthcare and social service actors. Mixed contexts, but less often psychiatry than in the other clusters. Mainly qualitative case studies published in journals from different fields but more often service-oriented journals compared to other clusters	2006–2021	Barrett et al. (2014), Beirão et al. (2017), Black and Gallan (2015), De Stampa et al. (2009), Eriksson et al. (2020, 2021), Eriksson and Hellstrom (2021), Fjeldstad et al. (2019), Godinho et al. (2020), Janse van Rensburg et al. (2018), Joseph (2006), Lantos and Simon (2018), Sampson et al. (2015), Sudbury-Riley and Hunter-Jones (2021), Tzannis (2013), Væggemose et al. (2018)

Cluster	Description	Time range	Included articles
1 (red): efficiency-enhancing cooperation	Networks used for efficiency gains, mostly through cooperation between and within healthcare providers. Dominated by quantitative studies published in healthcare journals	1997–2019	Angiola and Bianchi (2017), Bazzoli et al. (1998), Brewster et al. (2019), Huang (2014), Huang et al. (2019), Huang and Provan (2007, 2008), Provan (2006), Lam and Li (2020), Martin et al. (2009), Matinheikki et al. (2017), Moore et al. (2007), Morrissey et al. (1997, 2002), Parchman et al. (2011), Provan and Huang (2012)
2 (blue): efficiency-enhancing integration	Increased efficiency and decreased fragmentation are common rationales. Networks usually include both healthcare and social service actors, often co-organised or integrated by government facilitated cooperation. Mixed journals and methods but often involving psychiatry	2002–2021	Alvarado et al. (2012), Bohnet-Joschko et al. (2019), Breton et al. (2017), Fleury (2006), Fleury et al. (2008, 2017), Fleury and Mercier (2002), Fleury et al. (2002), Longpre and Dubois (2015), Lorant et al. (2016, 2019), Nicaise et al. (2021), Siegler and Brennan-Ing (2017), Vargas et al. (2015)
3 (green): involvement for co-creation	Mixed rationales, but the only cluster focusing on co-creation. Patients and families are often explicitly involved in addition to healthcare and social service actors. Mixed contexts, but less often psychiatry than in the other clusters. Mainly qualitative case studies published in journals from different fields but more often service-oriented journals compared to other clusters	2006–2021	Barrett et al. (2014), Beirão et al. (2017), Black and Gallan (2015), De Stampa et al. (2009), Eriksson et al. (2020, 2021), Eriksson and Hellstrom (2021), Fjeldstad et al. (2019), Godinho et al. (2020), Janse van Rensburg et al. (2018), Joseph (2006), Lantos and Simon (2018), Sampson et al. (2015), Sudbury-Riley and Hunter-Jones (2021), Tzannis (2013), Væggemose et al. (2018)

Source(s): Authors’ own work