Table A1

Summary of challenges across SMEs’ purchasing

Purchasing practices
DecentralisedHybridCentralised
DimensionsCustomers A and DCustomer BCustomer C
Cost management
  • Overconsumption resulting from one-off purchases (A, D)

  • Excess spending on winter gear due to higher costs per item (D)

  • Budgets exceeded by users (A, D)

  • Lack of budget discipline due to absence of set limits (A)

  • Overstocking due to inaccurate forecasting of size and style requirements

  • High inventory holding costs

  • Paying for unused rental items resulting from employee turnover

  • Paying for items deemed aesthetically worn

Operational efficiency
  • Work hours lost to purchasing (A, D)

  • Order delays and size and/or style errors resulting from decentralised orders (A, D)

  • Reduced planning accuracy due to fluctuating user needs

  • Time-consuming coordination

  • Time required to flag repairs

  • Limited contractual flexibility for the supplier to adapt to changing requirements

User satisfaction and safety
  • Users choosing inappropriate sizes and/or styles for their work (A, D)

  • Mismatch with company branding due to user-selected styles (A, D)

  • Some users are having difficulties with online purchasing

  • Dissatisfaction with the supplier’s limited assortment in terms of materials and quality

  • Weight fluctuations impact sizing

  • Need for diverse styles and materials due to growing workforce

  • Long lead times and/or supplier’s inability to increase product assortment

Garment maintenance
  • Users reluctant to maintain/repair garments (A, D)

  • Home washing avoided due to risk of damaging washing machines (A, D)

  • Maintenance not a priority among users

  • Repairs must be flagged manually by users and/or manager

  • Worn items remain in use despite poor condition

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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