Table 1 Sustainability cues, circularity... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Sustainability cues, circularity and ethical production attributes

Second order attribute	First order attributes	Source papers
Circularity and end-of-life management	Recyclability, Material Recovery and Recyclable Design; Garment Life and Recycling; Longevity of Products; Eco-friendliness; Biodegradability; Reusability; Menstrual-cup; Recycling-based Solution	Bovea and Vidal (2004), Koszewska et al. (2020), Narassima et al. (2025), Balcıoğlu et al. (2025), Indrawati et al. (2025)
Environmental impact assessment and metrics	Graded Colour-Coded Environmental Impact Rating (A–G); Composite LCA-Based Environmental Impact Metric; Environmental Impact Disclosure; Carbon Footprint Label; Corporate Sustainability Signalling and Communication	Dihr et al. (2021), Li (2025), Paffarini et al. (2025), Zhang and Chen (2025), D'Adamo et al. (2024)
Material selection and resource efficiency	Surface Treatment Substitution (e.g. Powder Coating over Solvent-Based Coating); Biodiversity-friendly Product Assortment; Resource Efficiency Claims; Sustainable Water Use, Preserving Soil Fertility and Protecting Biodiversity; Material and Process Sustainability; Material Type (e.g. traditional, synthetic, or vegan leather)	Bovea and Vidal (2004), Foti et al. (2019), Wurster et al. (2020), Villanueva et al. (2025), Zhang and Chen (2025), D'Adamo et al. (2024)
Production process integrity and methods	Fishing Technique Disclosure; Lower Energy Consumption; Production Method (Organic vs. Conventional/Traditional); Production Process Circularity; Organic and Sustainability Labelling (Present vs. Absent); Environmental Impact and Animal Ethics; Reduced Carbon Footprint; Sustainability Label Type; Plastic Waste, Biowaste, GHG Emissions; Ethical Sourcing, Fair Production; Green Features and Eco-design of the Vehicle	Forleo et al. (2023), Bovea and Vidal (2004), Eldesouky et al. (2020), Koszewska et al. (2020), Paffarini et al. (2025), Chaloupkova et al. (2025), Narassima et al. (2025), Vaikma et al. (2025), Villanueva et al. (2025), Balcıoğlu et al. (2025), Zhang and Chen (2025), Wijayatunga et al. (2024), Wallmo and Kosaka (2025)
Sustainability certification and standards	Eco-Label Presence; Eco-Friendly Ingredients Certification; Animal Welfare Label; Eco-label Claim; Certified; Sustainability Standard Integration; Eco-score	Dihr et al. (2021), Seo et al. (2016), Eldesouky et al. (2020), Li (2025), Huang et al. (2024), Wijayatunga et al. (2024), Shaikh et al. (2024)

Second order attribute	First order attributes	Source papers
Circularity and end-of-life management	Recyclability, Material Recovery and Recyclable Design; Garment Life and Recycling; Longevity of Products; Eco-friendliness; Biodegradability; Reusability; Menstrual-cup; Recycling-based Solution	Bovea and Vidal (2004), Koszewska et al. (2020), Narassima et al. (2025), Balcıoğlu et al. (2025), Indrawati et al. (2025)
Environmental impact assessment and metrics	Graded Colour-Coded Environmental Impact Rating (A–G); Composite LCA-Based Environmental Impact Metric; Environmental Impact Disclosure; Carbon Footprint Label; Corporate Sustainability Signalling and Communication	Dihr et al. (2021), Li (2025), Paffarini et al. (2025), Zhang and Chen (2025), D'Adamo et al. (2024)
Material selection and resource efficiency	Surface Treatment Substitution (e.g. Powder Coating over Solvent-Based Coating); Biodiversity-friendly Product Assortment; Resource Efficiency Claims; Sustainable Water Use, Preserving Soil Fertility and Protecting Biodiversity; Material and Process Sustainability; Material Type (e.g. traditional, synthetic, or vegan leather)	Bovea and Vidal (2004), Foti et al. (2019), Wurster et al. (2020), Villanueva et al. (2025), Zhang and Chen (2025), D'Adamo et al. (2024)
Production process integrity and methods	Fishing Technique Disclosure; Lower Energy Consumption; Production Method (Organic vs. Conventional/Traditional); Production Process Circularity; Organic and Sustainability Labelling (Present vs. Absent); Environmental Impact and Animal Ethics; Reduced Carbon Footprint; Sustainability Label Type; Plastic Waste, Biowaste, GHG Emissions; Ethical Sourcing, Fair Production; Green Features and Eco-design of the Vehicle	Forleo et al. (2023), Bovea and Vidal (2004), Eldesouky et al. (2020), Koszewska et al. (2020), Paffarini et al. (2025), Chaloupkova et al. (2025), Narassima et al. (2025), Vaikma et al. (2025), Villanueva et al. (2025), Balcıoğlu et al. (2025), Zhang and Chen (2025), Wijayatunga et al. (2024), Wallmo and Kosaka (2025)
Sustainability certification and standards	Eco-Label Presence; Eco-Friendly Ingredients Certification; Animal Welfare Label; Eco-label Claim; Certified; Sustainability Standard Integration; Eco-score	Dihr et al. (2021), Seo et al. (2016), Eldesouky et al. (2020), Li (2025), Huang et al. (2024), Wijayatunga et al. (2024), Shaikh et al. (2024)

Source(s): Authors' own elaboration