Table 2 Packaging, eco-labels and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Packaging, eco-labels and information transparency attributes

Second order attribute	First order attributes	Source papers
Information display and communication systems	Cross-Category Normalised Comparison Capability; Scale Granularity (Multiple Tiers); Front-of-Pack Placement and Visibility; Label Presence (Label vs. Label-Free); Logo Design Format; Information System Granularity; Sustainability Information Dimensions; Information Accessibility and Clarity; Blockchain-based Traceability Label; Descriptive Carbon Footprint; Award Logo	Dihr et al. (2021), Kato et al. (2023), Borin et al. (2011), Wurster et al. (2020), Li (2025), Huang et al. (2024), Edenbrandt et al. (2025)
Information transparency and verification	Claim Specificity and Verifiability; Eco-label Presence and Informativeness	Nath and Agrawal (2023), Kumar and Basu (2023)
Labelling standards and compliance	Geographical Indication (PGI) Label; Environmental Labels and Certification on Clothing; Presence vs. Absence of Labels; Official Organic Certification	Lambarraa-Lehnhardt et al. (2021), Koszewska et al. (2020), Edenbrandt et al. (2025), Shaikh et al. (2024)
Visual communication and graphic design	Colour-Coded Environmental and Carbon Communication	Dihr et al. (2021), Forleo et al. (2023), Edenbrandt et al. (2025)
Sustainability of packaging materials	Reduced Packaging; Recycled Packaging; Returnable/Refillable Containers	Bovea and Vidal (2004), Seo et al. (2016), Narassima et al. (2025), Vaikma et al. (2025), Czine et al. (2025), Wijayatunga et al. (2024)
Packaging design elements and aesthetics	Cap and Bottle Shape and Style; Appropriate vs. Excessive Packaging Level	Kato et al. (2023), Seo et al. (2016), Wijayatunga et al. (2024)

Second order attribute	First order attributes	Source papers
Information display and communication systems	Cross-Category Normalised Comparison Capability; Scale Granularity (Multiple Tiers); Front-of-Pack Placement and Visibility; Label Presence (Label vs. Label-Free); Logo Design Format; Information System Granularity; Sustainability Information Dimensions; Information Accessibility and Clarity; Blockchain-based Traceability Label; Descriptive Carbon Footprint; Award Logo	Dihr et al. (2021), Kato et al. (2023), Borin et al. (2011), Wurster et al. (2020), Li (2025), Huang et al. (2024), Edenbrandt et al. (2025)
Information transparency and verification	Claim Specificity and Verifiability; Eco-label Presence and Informativeness	Nath and Agrawal (2023), Kumar and Basu (2023)
Labelling standards and compliance	Geographical Indication (PGI) Label; Environmental Labels and Certification on Clothing; Presence vs. Absence of Labels; Official Organic Certification	Lambarraa-Lehnhardt et al. (2021), Koszewska et al. (2020), Edenbrandt et al. (2025), Shaikh et al. (2024)
Visual communication and graphic design	Colour-Coded Environmental and Carbon Communication	Dihr et al. (2021), Forleo et al. (2023), Edenbrandt et al. (2025)
Sustainability of packaging materials	Reduced Packaging; Recycled Packaging; Returnable/Refillable Containers	Bovea and Vidal (2004), Seo et al. (2016), Narassima et al. (2025), Vaikma et al. (2025), Czine et al. (2025), Wijayatunga et al. (2024)
Packaging design elements and aesthetics	Cap and Bottle Shape and Style; Appropriate vs. Excessive Packaging Level	Kato et al. (2023), Seo et al. (2016), Wijayatunga et al. (2024)

Source(s): Authors' own elaboration