Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the association between bystander actions and police use of force (N = 179)

	B	S.E	Wald	p	Odds	CI (odds)
Number of bystanders present	−0.09	0.04	5.81	0.02	0.92	0.85–0.98
Number of people in audience	0.09	0.05	2.88	0.09	1.09	0.99–1.21
Verbal frustration	0.76	0.53	2.11	0.15	2.15	0.77–6.02
Physical obstruction	−1.59	0.89	3.18	0.08	0.20	0.04–1.17
Helping	1.18	0.76	2.40	0.12	3.26	0.73–14.50
Filming	0.93	0.51	3.34	0.07	2.54	0.935–6.90
Refuse to leave	0.62	0.75	0.68	0.41	1.86	0.43–8.10
Suspect physical resistance	1.99	0.41	23.65	<0.001	7.30	3.28–16.28
Suspect verbal resistance	0.54	0.39	1.88	0.17	1.71	0.79–3.70

	B	S.E	Wald	p	Odds	CI (odds)
Number of bystanders present	−0.09	0.04	5.81	0.02	0.92	0.85–0.98
Number of people in audience	0.09	0.05	2.88	0.09	1.09	0.99–1.21
Verbal frustration	0.76	0.53	2.11	0.15	2.15	0.77–6.02
Physical obstruction	−1.59	0.89	3.18	0.08	0.20	0.04–1.17
Helping	1.18	0.76	2.40	0.12	3.26	0.73–14.50
Filming	0.93	0.51	3.34	0.07	2.54	0.935–6.90
Refuse to leave	0.62	0.75	0.68	0.41	1.86	0.43–8.10
Suspect physical resistance	1.99	0.41	23.65	<0.001	7.30	3.28–16.28
Suspect verbal resistance	0.54	0.39	1.88	0.17	1.71	0.79–3.70