Identifying and representing uncertainties due to customers performing activities in many processes (e.g. co-produced processes in medicine, education and software development) even if they lack important skills, knowledge and interests

Identifying and representing uncertainties related to what customers want and need

Producing product/services that provide genuine benefit for customers, despite often lacking detailed knowledge of their contexts and practices

Providing useful tools and insights even though activities in KiPs may be unstructured or semi-structured and even though the execution path for a specific KiP may be determined dynamically as the work is performed

Anticipating and adjusting for predictable and unpredictable mistakes and workarounds, both of which may be simple errors or may be related to dynamic environments and complexity surrounding the KiP

Identifying information and knowledge that is needed for reliable execution of a KiP and assuring availability when and where needed

Using technologies to make appropriate information and knowledge available where and when they are needed

Embedding knowledge in ways that are effective and trustworthy

Assigning appropriate roles and responsibilities to technologies to achieve benefits without excessive risks

Responding to uncertainties in the surrounding organizational, competitive, political, legal and technological environments

Describing and guaranteeing adequate support from human, informational and technical infrastructures for KiPs whose operational path is uncertain

Aligning strategies related to knowledge and knowledge management with the operation of KiPs