Table 7

ARDL bounds testing for co-integration

Value
F stats5.015**   
Critical valuesF-statisticst-statistics
 I (0)I (1)I (0)I (1)
10%2.5083.763−2.570−3.860
5%3.0374.443−2.860−4.190
1%4.2576.040−3.430−4.790

Note(s): Where I (0) and I(1) denote the lower and upper band critical values at 10%, 5% and 1% significance level of the Pesaran, Shin and Smith bounds test

Source(s): Authors’ computation

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