T-test results: differences between academic spin-offs and innovative startups
| Academic spin-offs | Innovative startups | t-test stat.sign. | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Firm growth | 2.27 | 3.00 | 3.47*** |
| Female management | 0.16 | 0.15 | −2.22* |
| Age | 2.11 | 1.90 | −21.12*** |
| Size | 5.39 | 6.63 | 60.84*** |
| Tangibility | 0.00 | 0.08 | 60.94*** |
| Profitability | 0.00 | −0.01 | −2.05* |
| Debt | 1.16 | 0.60 | −21.96*** |
| Cash Holdings | 0.01 | 0.20 | 95.88*** |
| Foreign management | 0.02 | 0.00 | −20.51*** |
| Venture Capital | 0.01 | 0.06 | 20.83*** |
| Academic spin-offs | Innovative startups | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Firm growth | 2.27 | 3.00 | 3.47*** |
| Female management | 0.16 | 0.15 | −2.22* |
| Age | 2.11 | 1.90 | −21.12*** |
| Size | 5.39 | 6.63 | 60.84*** |
| Tangibility | 0.00 | 0.08 | 60.94*** |
| Profitability | 0.00 | −0.01 | −2.05* |
| Debt | 1.16 | 0.60 | −21.96*** |
| Cash Holdings | 0.01 | 0.20 | 95.88*** |
| Foreign management | 0.02 | 0.00 | −20.51*** |
| Venture Capital | 0.01 | 0.06 | 20.83*** |
Sharing content requires targeting cookies to be enabled. Please update your cookie preferences to use this feature.