Table A1

Stock-selection timing test for ESG mutual funds

Stock-selection opportunity measure: FF6 alpha
No of fundsPercentage of funds in t-stat critical values (%)
  t ≤ −2.575t ≤ −1.960t ≤ −1.645t ≤ −1.282t ≥ 1.282t ≥ 1.645t ≥ 1.960t ≥ 2.575
All funds3098.4113.9221.3627.5135.9225.8920.3912.62
UK1985.5610.6119.1926.2642.4230.3024.7515.15
France6214.5219.3524.1927.4222.5817.7412.909.68
Germany4912.2420.4126.5332.6526.5318.3712.246.12

Note(s): The table above reports the stock-selection timing coefficients gi estimated using the following cross-sectional equation: ACTi,t = ci + giSSOt+1 + εi, t+1, where ACTi,t denotes the fund portfolio turnover in monthly period t and SSOt+1 represents the stock-selection opportunity in period t+1. Portfolio turnover is defined according to Yan and Zhang (2009). To measure stock-selection opportunity, we calculate the average positive alpha value estimated from daily returns during period t+1 using the model described in Eq. (4). The columns report the percentage of funds whose individual t-statistics exceed or fall below the specified critical values. The t-statistics are corrected for heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation using the Newey and West (1987) method. The sample period spans from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2024

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