Table 1. Descriptive statistics and...

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and bivariate within and between correlations of all predictors

No.	Variable	n¹	n²	M (SD)	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	Task newness	4,977	364	2.36 (0.73)^a		0.77	0.06	0.16	0.14	0.12
2	Task difficulty	4,977	364	2.43 (0.70)^a	0.51		0.00	0.11	0.05	0.06
3	Task variety		364	3.91 (0.76)	–	–		0.48	0.38	0.32
4	Job autonomy		364	3.76 (0.77)	–	–	–		0.41	0.40
5	Leadership conducive to learning		315	3.33 (0.98)	–	–	–	–		0.79
6	Perceived learning culture		359	3.19 (1.05)	–	–	–	–	–

No.	Variable	n¹	n²	M (SD)	1	2	3	4	5	6
1	Task newness	4,977	364	2.36 (0.73)^a		0.77	0.06	0.16	0.14	0.12
2	Task difficulty	4,977	364	2.43 (0.70)^a	0.51		0.00	0.11	0.05	0.06
3	Task variety		364	3.91 (0.76)	–	–		0.48	0.38	0.32
4	Job autonomy		364	3.76 (0.77)	–	–	–		0.41	0.40
5	Leadership conducive to learning		315	3.33 (0.98)	–	–	–	–		0.79
6	Perceived learning culture		359	3.19 (1.05)	–	–	–	–	–

Note(s):

On the left side, descriptive statistics are listed; on the right side, bivariate correlations are shown. Lower triangular: within-person correlations. Upper triangular: between-person correlations. n¹ = Level 1, n² = Level 2. A multilevel correlation was calculated between task newness and task difficulty. The person’s means of task newness and task difficulty were used for the between-person correlations with the other predictors. ^aThis mean value and standard deviation refer to the person-mean variable. For the standard deviation of person-mean variables, each person is weighted equally, regardless of the number of measurement times

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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