Table 1. Example coding structure Raw...

Table 1.

Example coding structure

Raw observation	Initial code	Category	Theme
Poor lighting under trees	Low-light visibility loss	Visibility hazard	Visibility failures
Uneven pavement	Surface discontinuity	Surface risk	Surface and geometry risks
Scooter blocking the path	Obstruction conflict	Path interference	Obstruction–design conflicts

Raw observation	Initial code	Category	Theme
Poor lighting under trees	Low-light visibility loss	Visibility hazard	Visibility failures
Uneven pavement	Surface discontinuity	Surface risk	Surface and geometry risks
Scooter blocking the path	Obstruction conflict	Path interference	Obstruction–design conflicts

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