Table 1. Results from a factor analysis...

Table 1.

Results from a factor analysis of the academic engagement questionnaire

Engagement items	Factor loading
Engagement items	1	2	3	4
1. I relate the things I learn in Mathematics to the things I go through in real life			0.796
2. I relate the things I learn in Mathematics to other subjects			0.836
3. I think about the things I’ve learned when I learn new things in Mathematics			0.629
4. I prefer to memorize all the formulas necessary to solve Mathematics problems			0.860
5. I find memorizing formulas is the best technique for learning Mathematics			0.834
6. I think the best way to learn Mathematics is to try to do drills				0.913
7. I learn Mathematics based on what the teacher teaches				0.923
8. I solve mathematics problems in the same way taught by the teacher			0.450
9. I think the best way to learn Mathematics is to follow the teacher’s instructions				0.699
10. I listen to the Mathematics teacher’s instructions attentively		0.716
11. I participated in discussions during mathematics learning		0.675
12. I focus when the Mathematics teacher teaches in the classroom		0.794
13. I am sure I will get the right answer if I keep trying to solve Mathematics problems		0.798
14. I try to use a different method if continue to not be able to solve the Mathematics problem		0.854
15. I try to understand if there is a problem in Mathematics		0.626
16. I am happy to learn Mathematics	0.867
17. I enjoy learning Mathematics	0.861
18. I love solving Mathematics problems	0.766
19. I feel happy when I get good Mathematics results	0.872
20. I am satisfied when I get good Mathematics results	0.869
21. I must work hard to get good Mathematics results	0.893
Cronbach’s alpha	0.84	0.82	0.81	0.71

Engagement items	Factor loading
Engagement items	1	2	3	4
1. I relate the things I learn in Mathematics to the things I go through in real life			0.796
2. I relate the things I learn in Mathematics to other subjects			0.836
3. I think about the things I’ve learned when I learn new things in Mathematics			0.629
4. I prefer to memorize all the formulas necessary to solve Mathematics problems			0.860
5. I find memorizing formulas is the best technique for learning Mathematics			0.834
6. I think the best way to learn Mathematics is to try to do drills				0.913
7. I learn Mathematics based on what the teacher teaches				0.923
8. I solve mathematics problems in the same way taught by the teacher			0.450
9. I think the best way to learn Mathematics is to follow the teacher’s instructions				0.699
10. I listen to the Mathematics teacher’s instructions attentively		0.716
11. I participated in discussions during mathematics learning		0.675
12. I focus when the Mathematics teacher teaches in the classroom		0.794
13. I am sure I will get the right answer if I keep trying to solve Mathematics problems		0.798
14. I try to use a different method if continue to not be able to solve the Mathematics problem		0.854
15. I try to understand if there is a problem in Mathematics		0.626
16. I am happy to learn Mathematics	0.867
17. I enjoy learning Mathematics	0.861
18. I love solving Mathematics problems	0.766
19. I feel happy when I get good Mathematics results	0.872
20. I am satisfied when I get good Mathematics results	0.869
21. I must work hard to get good Mathematics results	0.893
Cronbach’s alpha	0.84	0.82	0.81	0.71

Note(s):

n = 351. Adapted from Maamin et al. (2021). The varimax rotation was used. Factor loadings below 0.40 were suppressed

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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