Table 7 Robustness checks: results of... | Emerald Publishing

Table 7

Robustness checks: results of the sub-group analysis without outliers

Hypothesis	r	95% lower	95% upper	p-value	T-value	Qb
H2: Sustainability at country level
High-level of sustainability	0.3789	0.3092	0.4446	0.000	9.87	4.08
Low-level of sustainability	0.3678	0.2616	0.4653	0.000	6.40	4.08
H3: Type of performance
Environmental Performance	0.3657	0.2761	0.4489	0.000	7.52	0.17
Non-Environmental Performance	0.3412	0.2603	0.4173	0.000	7.83	0.17
H4: Industry size
Large	0.3195	0.1787	0.4475	0.000	4.31	0.39
SME	0.3631	0.2789	0.4417	0.000	7.94	0.39
H5: EMA role
Included	0.3965	0.3228	0.4654	0.000	9.707	1.10
Excluded	0.3451	0.2800	0.4071	0.000	9.766	1.10
Control variables
Year
After	0.3579	0.2779	0.4328	0.000	8.247	0.281
Before	0.3322	0.2773	0.3849	0.000	11.186	0.281
Quality
High	0.3368	0.2354	0.4310	0.000	6.210	0.184
Low	0.3629	0.2922	0.4297	0.000	9.406	0.184

Hypothesis	r	95% lower	95% upper	p-value	T-value	Qb
H2: Sustainability at country level
High-level of sustainability	0.3789	0.3092	0.4446	0.000	9.87	4.08
Low-level of sustainability	0.3678	0.2616	0.4653	0.000	6.40	4.08
H3: Type of performance
Environmental Performance	0.3657	0.2761	0.4489	0.000	7.52	0.17
Non-Environmental Performance	0.3412	0.2603	0.4173	0.000	7.83	0.17
H4: Industry size
Large	0.3195	0.1787	0.4475	0.000	4.31	0.39
SME	0.3631	0.2789	0.4417	0.000	7.94	0.39
H5: EMA role
Included	0.3965	0.3228	0.4654	0.000	9.707	1.10
Excluded	0.3451	0.2800	0.4071	0.000	9.766	1.10
Control variables
Year
After	0.3579	0.2779	0.4328	0.000	8.247	0.281
Before	0.3322	0.2773	0.3849	0.000	11.186	0.281
Quality
High	0.3368	0.2354	0.4310	0.000	6.210	0.184
Low	0.3629	0.2922	0.4297	0.000	9.406	0.184

Note(s): Significance level: *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01

Source(s): Authors’ own work