Table 2

Overview of included studies

ReferenceCountryDesignPurpose of data collectionIndustryFactors studiedSub-factor
Ahmed et al. (2024) FranceQuantitativeExamine the impact of digital leadership perceptions on employees' innovative work behaviorsAutomotiveDigital leadershipLeadership style
Allataifeh et al. (2021) MalaysiaQualitativeExplain how digital innovation unfolds in practiceICTDigital innovation processDigital innovation process
Allataifeh and Moghavvemi (2021) MalaysiaQualitativeDemonstrate the importance of engaging market actors at each stage of innovationICTRole of actors during digital innovation processDigital innovation process
Bäcklund et al. (2024) SwedenQualitativeIncrease understanding of innovation and dynamic capabilities in real estate owner organizationsReal estateDigital innovation processDigital innovation process
Bockelmann et al. (2024) The USAQuantitativeExamine the impact of alliance portfolio configurations on firms' ability to create digital innovationsIndustrialAlliance portfolio configurationsDigital innovation networks
Cheng and Wang (2022) ChinaQualitativeExplore configurations of digital innovation attributes and IT infrastructure capabilityManufacturing and servicesConfigurations of digital innovation attributes and IT infrastructure capabilityDigital innovation strategy
Coskun-Setirek and Tanrikulu (2021) MultipleQualitativeDevelop a process model of digital-innovation-driven business model regenerationMultipleProcess model of digital-innovations-driven business model regenerationDigital innovation strategy
Curzi et al. (2019) ItalyQuantitativeIdentify which characteristics of performance appraisal are likely to be perceived as promoting individual innovation at workMultipleInnovative work behaviorsDigital innovative workforce
Del Giudice et al. (2021) ItalyQuantitativeInvestigate how digital innovation is influenced by the three pillars of self-tuning models' agility, adaptation, and ambidexteritySmart manufacturingSelf-tuning modelOrganizational structure
Denicolai and Previtali (2023) ItalyQualitativeExplore how the design of an innovation strategy affects the execution of change and digital innovationHealthcareDesign of innovation strategyDigital innovation strategy
Duerr et al. (2018) GermanyQualitativeExplore the artifacts, exposed beliefs and values, and underlying assumptions of a digital organizational cultureMultipleDigital organizational cultureDigital innovation culture
Erhan et al. (2022) TurkeyQuantitativeDemonstrate the relationship between digitization of leadership and innovative work behaviorsTextileInnovative work behaviorsDigital innovative workforce
Firk et al. (2022) The USAQuantitativeExplore the influence of TMT characteristics (i.e., needed knowledge, roles, and structures) of digital innovationIndustrialTop management team characteristicsManagement characteristics
Gonçalves et al. (2020) Sweden, The USAQualitativeUnderstand how cultural aspects of organizational agility affect digital innovation capabilityAutomotiveCultural aspects of organizational agilityDigital innovation culture
Gonçalves et al. (2022) Sweden, The USAQualitativeClarify how startups use digital tools to strengthen digital innovation capabilityAutomotive and mobilityDigital toolsIT infrastructure
Hanelt et al. (2021) MultipleQuantitativeTheorize about the link between digital mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and its consequences on digital innovationAutomotiveDigital M&ADigital innovation strategy
Heubeck and Meckl (2022) GermanyQuantitativeExamine the relationship between dynamic managerial capabilities and digital firms' innovativenessManufacturingDynamic managerial capabilitiesManagement characteristics
Holmström et al. (2021) SwedenQualitativeIdentify how academic units work as intermediaries in networks for digital innovationUnknownHeterogeneous networksDigital innovation networks
Holotiuk and Beimborn (2019)  QualitativeAnalyze digital innovation labs' contributions to ambidexterity for digital innovationMultipleDigital innovation labsOrganizational structure
Holotiuk (2020) UnknownQualitativeExplain how a digital innovation lab helps firms balance exploration and exploitation, and how ambidexterity contributes to digital innovation successFinancial serviceDigital innovation labOrganizational structure
Iden et al. (2020) MultipleQuantitativeInvestigate whether PRFs act as institutional arrangements for digital service innovationUnknownInstitutional arrangementsDigital innovation culture
Khin and Ho (2019) MalaysiaQuantitativeExamine the effect of digital orientation and capability on digital innovationITDigital orientationDigital orientation
Kő et al. (2022) HungarianQuantitativeDiscuss the role of digital agility and digital competitiveness in SMEs' innovative performance in the context of a digitally turbulent environmentMultipleDigital agilityDigital innovation culture
Lee and Tan (2023) SingaporeQualitativeScrutinize individual learning strategies and the enablers and challenges of using them during digital innovationMultipleWorkplace learning strategiesEnvironment for learning
Leonhardt et al. (2017) The UK, The USAQuantitativeExamine the role of IT agility and ambidexterity on the IT function's digitization supportMultipleIT functionIT function's role
Leonhardt and Hanelt (2018) The USAQuantitativeInvestigate the relationship between digital institutional pressure on the power of IT departments and resulting impacts on digital innovation performanceMultipleIT departmentIT function's role
Leonhardt et al. (2018) The USAQuantitativeExplore digital innovation governance configurations that achieve high digital innovation performanceMultipleDigital innovation governanceIT governance
Li and Long (2023) ChinaQualitativeInvestigate the collective driving forces of employee-driven digital innovation behaviorsMultipleEmployee-driven digital innovation behaviorsDigital innovative workforce
Lin and Yi (2024) ChinaQualitativeInvestigate factors of digitalization that empower firm innovationHigh-techFactors that empower firm innovation (i.e., technology, organization, and environmental)IT infrastructure
Liu et al. (2023) ChinaQualitativeInvestigate whether combinations of organizational environments and work characteristics foster employees' innovative behaviorsIndustrialInnovative work behaviorsDigital innovative workforce
Mancha and Shankaranarayanan (2021) The USAQuantitativeExplore antecedents of individual digital innovativenessEducationDigital innovativenessDigital innovative workforce
Mann et al. (2019) The USAQualitativeProvide insights into lessons learned from a digital design lab that supports digital health innovationHealthcareDigital design labOrganizational structure
Mittermeier et al. (2021) UnknownQualitativeConstruct a conceptual model of digital innovation successMultipleCritical success factors during digital innovation processDigital innovation process
Müller et al. (2019) DenmarkMixed methodsInvestigate the relationship between organizational culture and digital innovationMediaOrganizational cultureDigital innovation culture
Nassani et al. (2023) UnknownQuantitativeExplore the impact of technology orientation on digital innovation and innovation performanceElectronicTechnology orientationDigital orientation
Nassani et al. (2022) UnknownQuantitativeExplore how firms achieve innovation performance using innovation networksEnergyInnovation networksDigital innovation networks
Ngereja and Hussein (2021) MultipleQualitativeExamine organizations' preconditions of learning when achieving innovation in digitalization projectsMultipleEmployee learningEnvironment for learning
Pittenger et al. (2022) UnknownQuantitativeExamine the influence of IT transformational leadership on digital innovationUnknownTransformational leadershipLeadership style
Rincon et al. (2020) UnknownMixed methodsExamine how IT governance shapes an organization's capacity to continuously innovate digitallyOil and gasIT governanceIT governance
Santarsiero et al. (2022) ItalyQualitativeDiscuss the role innovation labs play as innovative management models to foster digital and continuous innovation in organizations of the digital ecosystemTourismInnovation labOrganizational structure
Schiffer et al. (2023) GermanyQualitativeExplore how to manage IT challenges to scale digital innovationsInsurerDigital innovation processDigital innovation process
Sedera et al. (2016) MultipleQuantitativeUnderstand how digital and enterprise system platforms attain innovationMultipleEnterprise system platform and digital platformDigital infrastructure
Shao et al. (2024) ChinaQuantitativeExamine leadership's impact on employees' job performanceMultipleTransformational supervisory leadershipLeadership style
Shibeika and Harty (2015) The UKQualitativeUnderstand how organizations mobilize resources and build capabilities to diffuse digital innovationEngineeringFirm-project interfaceEnvironment for learning
Sia et al. (2016) AsiaQualitativeExplore how a large bank responded to digital threats and opportunities using a digital business strategyBankingDigital business strategyDigital innovation strategy
Silvestri et al. (2023) EuropeQualitativeAnalyze how business networking during R&D affects the digital innovation of agro-food SMEsAgro-foodBusiness networkingDigital innovation networks
Svahn et al. (2017) SwedenQualitativeExplain how competing concerns emerge, manifest, and interrelate, and how firms manage them during digital innovationAutomotiveStrategic focusDigital innovation strategy
Trabucchi and Buganza (2019) The USAQualitativeExplore the role Big Data plays during innovationAppData-driven innovation processDigital innovation process
van Looy (2021) Four continentsMixed methodsExplore how business process management plays an enabling role during digital innovationMultipleDigital business strategyDigital innovation strategy
Wang et al. (2024) ChinaQuantitativeConceptualize ITI generativity and examine the social and technical antecedents of and their impact on digital innovationMultipleInformation technology infrastructureIT infrastructure
Wang and Shao (2024) ChinaQuantitativeExplore the relationship between transformational leadership and employees' digital creativityUnknownTransformational leadershipLeadership style
Yousaf et al. (2021) PakistanQuantitativeExplore the direct impact of digital orientation, Internet of Things, and digital platforms on sustainable digital innovationITDigital orientation, digital platforms; Internet of ThingsDigital orientation
Zhen et al. (2021) PakistanQuantitativeIdentify connections among organizational digital culture, digital capabilities, and digital innovationICTOrganizational digital cultureDigital innovation culture
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