Table 4 Model effect test of the effect...

Table 4

Model effect test of the effect of retro packaging design on the intentions to reduce food waste

		β-value	Effect	SE	95% CI [LLCI-ULCI]
Mediating effect (Experiment 1)	RPD→‌GRD	0.704^***			[0.4542, 0.9539]
	RPD→PE	0.544^***			[0.2807, 0.8077]
	RPD→IRFW	0.189^*			[0.0032, 0.3739]
	GRD→IRFW	0.245^***			[0.1278, 0.3624]
	PE→IRFW	0.180^**			[0.0690, 0.2914]
	RPD→GRD→IRFW	0.173^*			[0.0286, 0.3578]
	RPD→PE→IRFW	0.098^*			[0.0258, 0.2005]
	Total effect		0.459^***	0.099	[0.2632, 0.6552]
	Direct effect		0.189^*	0.094	[0.0032, 0.3739]
	Mediating effect(GRD)		0.173^*	0.085	[0.0286, 0.3578]
	Mediating effect(PE)		0.098^*	0.045	[0.0258, 0.2005]
Mediating effect (Experiment 2)	RPD→‌GRD	0.782^***			[0.5279, 1.0362]
	RPD→PE	0.774^***			[0.5322, 1.0165]
	RPD→IRFW	0.182^*			[0.0247, 0.3398]
	GRD→IRFW	0.461^***			[0.3717, 0.5511]
	PE→IRFW	0.295^***			[0.2012, 0.3895]
	RPD→GRD→IRFW	0.361^***			[0.2284, 0.5037]
	RPD→PE→IRFW	0.229^***			[0.1360, 0.3535]
	Total effect		0.772^***	0.114	[0.5477, 0.9958]
	Direct effect		0.182^*	0.080	[0.0247, 0.3398]
	Mediating effect(GRD)		0.361^***	0.069	[0.2284, 0.5037]
	Mediating effect(PE)		0.229^***	0.057	[0.1360, 0.3535]

		β-value	Effect	SE	95% CI [LLCI-ULCI]
Mediating effect(Experiment 1)	RPD→‌GRD	0.704^***			[0.4542, 0.9539]
	RPD→PE	0.544^***			[0.2807, 0.8077]
	RPD→IRFW	0.189^*			[0.0032, 0.3739]
	GRD→IRFW	0.245^***			[0.1278, 0.3624]
	PE→IRFW	0.180^**			[0.0690, 0.2914]
	RPD→GRD→IRFW	0.173^*			[0.0286, 0.3578]
	RPD→PE→IRFW	0.098^*			[0.0258, 0.2005]
	Total effect		0.459^***	0.099	[0.2632, 0.6552]
	Direct effect		0.189^*	0.094	[0.0032, 0.3739]
	Mediating effect(GRD)		0.173^*	0.085	[0.0286, 0.3578]
	Mediating effect(PE)		0.098^*	0.045	[0.0258, 0.2005]
Mediating effect(Experiment 2)	RPD→‌GRD	0.782^***			[0.5279, 1.0362]
	RPD→PE	0.774^***			[0.5322, 1.0165]
	RPD→IRFW	0.182^*			[0.0247, 0.3398]
	GRD→IRFW	0.461^***			[0.3717, 0.5511]
	PE→IRFW	0.295^***			[0.2012, 0.3895]
	RPD→GRD→IRFW	0.361^***			[0.2284, 0.5037]
	RPD→PE→IRFW	0.229^***			[0.1360, 0.3535]
	Total effect		0.772^***	0.114	[0.5477, 0.9958]
	Direct effect		0.182^*	0.080	[0.0247, 0.3398]
	Mediating effect(GRD)		0.361^***	0.069	[0.2284, 0.5037]
	Mediating effect(PE)		0.229^***	0.057	[0.1360, 0.3535]

			Effect	SE	95% CI [LLCI-ULCI]
A moderated mediation model (Experiment 2)	Direct effect		0.184^*	0.074	[0.0389, 0.3297]
	Mediating effect(GRD)	High-PSSS	0.734^***	0.113	[0.5215, 0.9601]
		Low-PSSS	0.012	0.076	[−0.1387, 0.1590]
	Mediating effect(PE)	High-PSSS	0.476^***	0.094	[0.3078, 0.6756]
		Low-PSSS	0.018	0.047	[−0.0822, 0.1098]
	Moderated mediation effect(GRD)		0.745^***	0.136	[0.4965, 1.0204]
	Moderated mediation effect(PE)		0.494^***	0.103	[0.3106, 0.7130]

			Effect	SE	95% CI [LLCI-ULCI]
A moderated mediation model(Experiment 2)	Direct effect		0.184^*	0.074	[0.0389, 0.3297]
	Mediating effect(GRD)	High-PSSS	0.734^***	0.113	[0.5215, 0.9601]
		Low-PSSS	0.012	0.076	[−0.1387, 0.1590]
	Mediating effect(PE)	High-PSSS	0.476^***	0.094	[0.3078, 0.6756]
		Low-PSSS	0.018	0.047	[−0.0822, 0.1098]
	Moderated mediation effect(GRD)		0.745^***	0.136	[0.4965, 1.0204]
	Moderated mediation effect(PE)		0.494^***	0.103	[0.3106, 0.7130]

Note(s): RPD = Packaging Retro Design; GRD = Groundedness; PE= Perceived efforts; IRFW= Intentions to reduce food waste

Source(s): Authors’ own work

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