Table 4

TCCM categorization

ParticularsFirst phase (2015–2020)Second phase (20 21 onwards)
Theoretical perspectives (T)Human Capital Theory; Dynamic Capabilities Theory; Institutional Theory; Resource-Based View (RBV); Contingency Theory
  • +

    Technology Acceptance Model (TAM); Sociotechnical Systems Theory; Diffusion of Innovations Theory; Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT); Media Richness Theory

Context (C)
  • Technology

  • Manufacturing

  • Healthcare

  • Finance

  • Retail

  • Education

  • +

    Hospitality

  • Telecommunications

  • Public Sector

  • Energy and Utilities

  • Logistics and Transportation

  • Nonprofit Organizations

Key contributing factors (C)HR information systems (HRIS); Automation; Data Analytics
  • +

    Cloud-Based Solutions: AI and Machine Learning

Mobile Accessibility: Employee Self-Service; Integration; Customization; Real-Time Updates
Prominent methodologies (M)Surveys, statistical analysis, and econometric models to measure the impact of digital HRM practices
  • +

    Case studies, interviews, and ethnographic studies to explore the implementation and adoption processes

Mixed Methods: Combining quantitative and qualitative approaches to provide a comprehensive understanding
Illustrative referencesBerber et al. (2018), Kane et al. (2015), Morakanyane et al. (2017) Zhang and Chen (2024), Strohmeier (2020), Trenerry et al. (2021), Kraus et al. (2022) 

Source(s): Authors’ own creation

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