Table 1 Summary of the special issue... | Emerald Publishing

Table 1

Summary of the special issue papers

Title	Authors	Topic	Research questions	Data and methods	Theory	Key findings/arguments
Knowledge management in family firms: A systematic review, integrated insights, and future research opportunities	Su and Daspit	Knowledge management processes in family firms	What are the main antecedents, outcomes and moderators of knowledge management processes in family firms?	Systematic literature review of 74 articles published in 23 journals	N.A.	This literature review contributes to the synthesis and advancement of family-firm KM scholarship by presenting a framework for the antecedents, outcomes and moderating factors associated with family-firm KM processes. Antecedents are examined based on the nature of their influence on family-firm KM processes, with the simultaneous opposite effects of some influences highlighted. Additionally, key outcomes are synthesized based on their family versus firm-centric orientation. Further, opportunities for advancing scholarship on family-firm KM are presented
Knowledge management in family business succession: Current trends and future directions	Ge and Campopiano	Knowledge management and family business succession	How is knowledge managed across generations in family business?	Systematic integrative literature review of 63 empirical articles	Multi-stakeholder and multi-stage framework	The systematic literature review advances our understanding of knowledge management in family business succession and clarifies the theoretical assumptions on knowledge in conducting research projects on family business. Embracing a “knowledge from practice perspective”, the study offers research directions to guide future contributions on knowledge construction in family business succession. The role of family-related knowledge is also highlighted as an area for further investigation
Exchanging knowledge in the TMT to realize more innovation opportunities: What can family firms do?	Rondi and Rovelli	Knowledge exchange in the TMT and innovation opportunity realization	What influence does the TMT exert on knowledge management in pursuing innovation opportunity realization?	Ordinary least square regression analysis on 237 Italian firms, 120 of which are family firms	Knowledge-based perspective	Family firms realize fewer innovation opportunities than nonfamily firms. This result is fully mediated by the knowledge exchange in the TMT: in family firms, the TMT exchanges less knowledge than in nonfamily firms, which drives their lower realization of innovation opportunities. In family firms, the increase in the nonfamily TMT members positively influences the TMT knowledge exchange, but only when the time the CEO spends in searching for innovation opportunities outside the firm is low. The more the CEO search increases, the more this positive influence decreases, up to the point it becomes negative
Pragmatic learning in family SMEs: A qualitative study of functional overload among family SME owner-managers	Querbach, Kammerlander, Singh and Waldkirch	Learning processes and innovation success in family SMEs	How do family SME owner-managers engage in learning, and how are those learning processes affected by family SME-specific characteristics?	Two qualitative multicase studies on German family SMEs involving 61 interviews with family owner-managers, family members, employees and customers	Pragmatic learning theory	The family owner-managers’ “functional overload” is a major barrier to learning while employee empowerment, family-members’ support and customer feedback as critical resources in overcoming such functional overload. Nevertheless, these resources turn out to be major amplifiers of functional overload in later phases of the learning process, thus impeding learning and innovation
Family ownership and cooperative R&D: the moderating effect of political ties	Dong, Wang and Chen	Family ownership and cooperative R&D	How does family ownership impact family firms’ engagement in R&D cooperation?	Fixed-effects regression analysis on 610 Chinese manufacturing family firms on a panel from 2009 to 2017	Ability and willingness paradox framework	Family ownership has an inverted U-shaped relationship with cooperative R&D and political ties moderate the relationship in such a way that the inverted U-shaped relationship will be steeper in firms with more political ties than in firms with fewer political ties
Entrepreneurial orientation, competitive advantage and strategic knowledge management capability in Malaysian family firms	Mostafiz, Hughes and Sambasivan	Entrepreneurial orientation and strategic knowledge management capability	To what extent does achieving competitive advantage mediate the relationships between entrepreneurial orientation and family firm performance? Does the family firm’s strategic knowledge management capability affect whether it achieves competitive advantage and firm performance from its entrepreneurial orientation?	A hybrid approach applying structural equation modelling (SEM) and deep-learning artificial intelligence (DL-AI) analysis on 268 Malaysian family firms	Contingency perspective of EO and resource orchestration theory	Competitive advantage mediates the relationship between innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking dimensions of EO and firm performance. However, autonomy and competitive aggressiveness have no bearing. In addition, the relationships among innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking with CA and performance are positively moderated by SKM capability, becoming more potent at higher levels. Furthermore, specific EO dimensions and the interacting effects of EO–SKM capability are necessary to influence CA and to attain performance success subsequently
The family’s effect on knowledge sharing in family firms	Botero, Barroso, Sanguino and Binhote	Family’s effect on knowledge sharing in family firms	How does the family system impact knowledge sharing within family firms?	Structural equation modelling (SEM) and the partial least squares (PLS) on 93 Spanish family firms	Institutional theory	Family system characteristics (i.e. next-generation commitment, family trust and intergenerational relationships) affect knowledge sharing through their impact on the participative culture of a family firm. Additionally, when a family has been in control of the business for more generations, they place higher importance on family legacy and continuity, which is likely to strengthen the relationship between participative culture and knowledge sharing in family firms

Title	Authors	Topic	Research questions	Data and methods	Theory	Key findings/arguments
Knowledge management in family firms: A systematic review, integrated insights, and future research opportunities	Su and Daspit	Knowledge management processes in family firms	What are the main antecedents, outcomes and moderators of knowledge management processes in family firms?	Systematic literature review of 74 articles published in 23 journals	N.A.	This literature review contributes to the synthesis and advancement of family-firm KM scholarship by presenting a framework for the antecedents, outcomes and moderating factors associated with family-firm KM processes. Antecedents are examined based on the nature of their influence on family-firm KM processes, with the simultaneous opposite effects of some influences highlighted. Additionally, key outcomes are synthesized based on their family versus firm-centric orientation. Further, opportunities for advancing scholarship on family-firm KM are presented
Knowledge management in family business succession: Current trends and future directions	Ge and Campopiano	Knowledge management and family business succession	How is knowledge managed across generations in family business?	Systematic integrative literature review of 63 empirical articles	Multi-stakeholder and multi-stage framework	The systematic literature review advances our understanding of knowledge management in family business succession and clarifies the theoretical assumptions on knowledge in conducting research projects on family business. Embracing a “knowledge from practice perspective”, the study offers research directions to guide future contributions on knowledge construction in family business succession. The role of family-related knowledge is also highlighted as an area for further investigation
Exchanging knowledge in the TMT to realize more innovation opportunities: What can family firms do?	Rondi and Rovelli	Knowledge exchange in the TMT and innovation opportunity realization	What influence does the TMT exert on knowledge management in pursuing innovation opportunity realization?	Ordinary least square regression analysis on 237 Italian firms, 120 of which are family firms	Knowledge-based perspective	Family firms realize fewer innovation opportunities than nonfamily firms. This result is fully mediated by the knowledge exchange in the TMT: in family firms, the TMT exchanges less knowledge than in nonfamily firms, which drives their lower realization of innovation opportunities. In family firms, the increase in the nonfamily TMT members positively influences the TMT knowledge exchange, but only when the time the CEO spends in searching for innovation opportunities outside the firm is low. The more the CEO search increases, the more this positive influence decreases, up to the point it becomes negative
Pragmatic learning in family SMEs: A qualitative study of functional overload among family SME owner-managers	Querbach, Kammerlander, Singh and Waldkirch	Learning processes and innovation success in family SMEs	How do family SME owner-managers engage in learning, and how are those learning processes affected by family SME-specific characteristics?	Two qualitative multicase studies on German family SMEs involving 61 interviews with family owner-managers, family members, employees and customers	Pragmatic learning theory	The family owner-managers’ “functional overload” is a major barrier to learning while employee empowerment, family-members’ support and customer feedback as critical resources in overcoming such functional overload. Nevertheless, these resources turn out to be major amplifiers of functional overload in later phases of the learning process, thus impeding learning and innovation
Family ownership and cooperative R&D: the moderating effect of political ties	Dong, Wang and Chen	Family ownership and cooperative R&D	How does family ownership impact family firms’ engagement in R&D cooperation?	Fixed-effects regression analysis on 610 Chinese manufacturing family firms on a panel from 2009 to 2017	Ability and willingness paradox framework	Family ownership has an inverted U-shaped relationship with cooperative R&D and political ties moderate the relationship in such a way that the inverted U-shaped relationship will be steeper in firms with more political ties than in firms with fewer political ties
Entrepreneurial orientation, competitive advantage and strategic knowledge management capability in Malaysian family firms	Mostafiz, Hughes and Sambasivan	Entrepreneurial orientation and strategic knowledge management capability	To what extent does achieving competitive advantage mediate the relationships between entrepreneurial orientation and family firm performance? Does the family firm’s strategic knowledge management capability affect whether it achieves competitive advantage and firm performance from its entrepreneurial orientation?	A hybrid approach applying structural equation modelling (SEM) and deep-learning artificial intelligence (DL-AI) analysis on 268 Malaysian family firms	Contingency perspective of EO and resource orchestration theory	Competitive advantage mediates the relationship between innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking dimensions of EO and firm performance. However, autonomy and competitive aggressiveness have no bearing. In addition, the relationships among innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking with CA and performance are positively moderated by SKM capability, becoming more potent at higher levels. Furthermore, specific EO dimensions and the interacting effects of EO–SKM capability are necessary to influence CA and to attain performance success subsequently
The family’s effect on knowledge sharing in family firms	Botero, Barroso, Sanguino and Binhote	Family’s effect on knowledge sharing in family firms	How does the family system impact knowledge sharing within family firms?	Structural equation modelling (SEM) and the partial least squares (PLS) on 93 Spanish family firms	Institutional theory	Family system characteristics (i.e. next-generation commitment, family trust and intergenerational relationships) affect knowledge sharing through their impact on the participative culture of a family firm. Additionally, when a family has been in control of the business for more generations, they place higher importance on family legacy and continuity, which is likely to strengthen the relationship between participative culture and knowledge sharing in family firms