Table 1.

Hui business ownership style dimensions

DimensionKey features
Oral sustained knowledgeLearning through observation, mentorship, narrative, not formal instruction
Trust-based networksReliance on oral contracts, personal honour, reputation-based enforcement
Ethical value practicesTransparency, fairness and integrity are embedded in daily business operations
Community-centred decisionsStakeholder impact considered before hiring, pricing or expanding
Gradualist growth logicPreference for cautious, reinvested, low-risk growth rooted in long-term trust
Source(s): Author (2025)

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