Table 3 Structural models for Australia,... | Emerald Publishing

Table 3

Structural models for Australia, Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia

Hypothesis	Path	Australia			Hong Kong			Saudi Arabia
Hypothesis	Path	Std. Estimate	t-ratio	Result	Std. Estimate	t-ratio	Result	Std. Estimate	t-ratio	Result
H1	E → U	0.210	3.171^***	Supported	0.427	7.503***	Supported	0.339	5.571***	Supported
H2	U → T	0.236	3.827^***	Supported	0.490	7.484***	Supported	0.351	5.712***	Supported
H3(a)	T → B	0.430	6.958^***	Supported	0.379	6.152***	Supported	0.306	5.399***	Supported
H3(b)	T → R	−0.452	−7.173^***	Supported	0.200	3.286***	Significant (positive)	0.114	2.011**	Significant (positive)
H3(c)	T → UAI	0.429	5.571^***	Supported	0.506	6.877***	Supported	0.474	8.218***	Supported
H4(a)	UAI → SAI	0.694	7.581^***	Supported	0.795	8.517***	Supported	0.718	12.581***	Supported
H4(b)	UAI → B	0.395	5.410^***	Supported	0.377	5.438***	Supported	0.403	6.716***	Supported
H5(a)	R → RAI	0.557	8.271^***	Supported	0.485	7.882***	Supported	0.232	4.952***	Supported
H5(b)	UAI → RAI	0.160	2.722^***	Supported	0.413	6.656***	Supported	0.620	10.820***	Supported

Hypothesis	Path	Australia			Hong Kong			Saudi Arabia
Hypothesis	Path	Std. Estimate	t-ratio	Result	Std. Estimate	t-ratio	Result	Std. Estimate	t-ratio	Result
H1	E → U	0.210	3.171^***	Supported	0.427	7.503***	Supported	0.339	5.571***	Supported
H2	U → T	0.236	3.827^***	Supported	0.490	7.484***	Supported	0.351	5.712***	Supported
H3(a)	T → B	0.430	6.958^***	Supported	0.379	6.152***	Supported	0.306	5.399***	Supported
H3(b)	T → R	−0.452	−7.173^***	Supported	0.200	3.286***	Significant (positive)	0.114	2.011**	Significant (positive)
H3(c)	T → UAI	0.429	5.571^***	Supported	0.506	6.877***	Supported	0.474	8.218***	Supported
H4(a)	UAI → SAI	0.694	7.581^***	Supported	0.795	8.517***	Supported	0.718	12.581***	Supported
H4(b)	UAI → B	0.395	5.410^***	Supported	0.377	5.438***	Supported	0.403	6.716***	Supported
H5(a)	R → RAI	0.557	8.271^***	Supported	0.485	7.882***	Supported	0.232	4.952***	Supported
H5(b)	UAI → RAI	0.160	2.722^***	Supported	0.413	6.656***	Supported	0.620	10.820***	Supported

Note(s): n.s. = not significant, * = weakly significant (p < 0.10, t > 1.645), ** = significant (p < 0.05, t > 1.96), *** = strongly significant (p < 0.01, t > 2.58)