Table 2

Carnival groups included in the focal lyrics corpus

YearGroupModalityTreatment of tourism/touristificationAnalytical role
1963Los corrusquillos gaditanosComparsa, Paco AlbaThe pasodoble “Me dijeron que Cádiz para el turismo” presents tourism as recognition and opportunity, defending the city's attractiveness against the claim that Cádiz lacked tourist appealHistorical counterpoint: tourism as desired visibility rather than threat
1986Las momias de güete pa guá los niñosChirigota, Love and VillegasThe repertoire includes a well-known image of Cádiz as an open house, where one of the city's keys belongs to anyone wishing to enter. Rather than addressing touristification directly, it provides an earlier imaginary of openness and hospitalityIntertextual counterpoint: from hospitality and openness to later anxieties over dispossession and loss of local control
2023La ciudad invisibleComparsa, Antonio Martínez AresThe image of invisibility is linked to the disappearance of inhabited Cádiz through population loss, residential displacement and urban transformationTouristification as disappearance of the lived city
2024Y seguimos cantandoComparsa, Piru and TomateCádiz is represented as a theme park while the city is sold to tourism and loses its social substance. The staging included references to tourist apartments, tablaos and the conversion of local culture into spectacleCity-as-spectacle and commodification of local culture
2025Apartamentos turísticos Juani WainjausChirigota, SeluThe group is structured around a tourist accommodation setting and its characters, satirising the conversion of housing and neighbourhood life into tourist productsHumorous critique of short-term rentals and commodified residential space
2025Las ratasComparsa, Jesús BienvenidoTouristification is framed through invasion, housing pressure, rising prices and the alteration of everyday life. The “rats” ironically evoke those inhabitants who still resist in the cityCore case: touristification, displacement, local control and the right to remain
2025Los del otro barrioComparsaThe repertoire reworks the traditional image of Cádiz as an open city by denouncing the handing over of the city's symbolic key to outsiders. Hospitality is recoded as dispossession and loss of local controlContemporary intertextual response: from openness and hospitality to touristification as dispossession
Piru y Tomate
2025El cementerioComparsa, JonaCádiz is imagined as a dead or emptied city, where neighbourhoods have lost residents, social life and community continuityTouristification as urban emptying and loss of social reproduction
Source(s): Authors’ own work

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