Table 3 Measurement items for the...

Table 3

Measurement items for the constructs

Construct/Source/Measurement itme
Wow-effect (Arghashi, 2022) WE1: This ZEPETO app amazed me WE2: When I used this ZEPETO app, I often thought “wow” WE3: This ZEPETO app has thrilled me from the very beginning Tele-presence (Park et al., 2023) TP1: When I use ZEPETO app, I feel that the character or object is real TP2: When I play ZEPETO app, I feel like I can touch characters and objects TP3: When I play ZEPETO app, I respond with a smile or talk about a character or object I see in ZEPETO app TP4: When I play ZEPETO app, I feel like I am actually in a virtual world TP5: When I play ZEPETO app, I can easily understand the atmosphere around me Social interactivity (Park et al., 2023) SI1: We also exchange opinions on common interests with users through ZEPETO app SI2: I feel close to other users active in ZEPETO app SI3: Users active in ZEPETO app seem to help each other well SI4: ZEPETO app allows users to have effective meetings SI5: In ZEPETO app, users recognize and acknowledge my value Perceived augmentation (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021) PA1: The service can add products to my ZEPETO body virtually PA2: The way the products were virtually placed on my ZEPETO body seemed real PA3: The online products seemed to be part of my ZEPETO body PA4: The level of reality seemed high on the ZEPETO screen PA5: The ZEPETO products seemed to exist in real time Sense of immersion (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021) SOI1: The ZEPETO app created a new environment that suddenly disappeared at the end of the show SOI2: At ZEPETO, I was unaware of my surroundings SOI3: During the ZEPETO virtual experience, my body was in the room, but my mind was in the world created by the show SOI4: The ZEPETO app made me forget the reality of the outside world SOI5: During the ZEPETO virtual experience, I forgot about things that had happened before the show or that would occur after the show SOI6: The ZEPETO virtual experience made me forget my immediate surroundings Perceived realism (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021) PR1: In comparison with the real world, the ZEPETO augmented environment seemed real PR2: My experience in the ZEPETO augmented environment seems consistent with my real-world experience PR3: The things that happen in the ZEPETO augmented environment look like the things that happen in real life PR4: This ZEPETO augmented reality–based experience was similar to in-store shopping experience Luxury purchase intention (Ostovan and Nasr, 2022) LPI1: I am likely to purchase luxury brands in ZEPETO LPI2: I have a strong possibility to purchase luxury brands in ZEPETO LPI3: I Intend to buy luxury brands in ZEPETO again in the future Goal orientation (Li and Kang, 2025) GO1: No matter what I do, I have the highest standards for myself in ZEPETO GO2: I never settle for second best in ZEPETO GO3: Whenever I am faced with a choice, I try to imagine what all the other possibilities are, even ones that are not present at the moment in ZEPETO Adventure shopping (Coelho et al., 2023) AS1: I find shopping stimulating in ZEPETO AS2: To me, shopping is an adventure in ZEPETO AS3: Shopping is a thrill to me in ZEPETO AS4: Shopping makes me feel like I am in my own universe in ZEPETO Gratification shopping (Coelho et al., 2023) GS1: When I'm in a down mood, I go shopping to make me feel better in ZEPETO GS2: To me, shopping is a way to relieve stress in ZEPETO GS3: I go shopping when I want to treat myself to something special in ZEPETO

Construct/Source/Measurement itme
Wow-effect (Arghashi, 2022)WE1: This ZEPETO app amazed me WE2: When I used this ZEPETO app, I often thought “wow”WE3: This ZEPETO app has thrilled me from the very beginningTele-presence (Park et al., 2023)TP1: When I use ZEPETO app, I feel that the character or object is realTP2: When I play ZEPETO app, I feel like I can touch characters and objectsTP3: When I play ZEPETO app, I respond with a smile or talk about a character or object I see in ZEPETO appTP4: When I play ZEPETO app, I feel like I am actually in a virtual worldTP5: When I play ZEPETO app, I can easily understand the atmosphere around meSocial interactivity (Park et al., 2023)SI1: We also exchange opinions on common interests with users through ZEPETO appSI2: I feel close to other users active in ZEPETO appSI3: Users active in ZEPETO app seem to help each other wellSI4: ZEPETO app allows users to have effective meetingsSI5: In ZEPETO app, users recognize and acknowledge my valuePerceived augmentation (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021)PA1: The service can add products to my ZEPETO body virtuallyPA2: The way the products were virtually placed on my ZEPETO body seemed realPA3: The online products seemed to be part of my ZEPETO bodyPA4: The level of reality seemed high on the ZEPETO screenPA5: The ZEPETO products seemed to exist in real timeSense of immersion (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021) SOI1: The ZEPETO app created a new environment that suddenly disappeared at the end of the showSOI2: At ZEPETO, I was unaware of my surroundingsSOI3: During the ZEPETO virtual experience, my body was in the room, but my mind was in the world created by the showSOI4: The ZEPETO app made me forget the reality of the outside worldSOI5: During the ZEPETO virtual experience, I forgot about things that had happened before the show or that would occur after the showSOI6: The ZEPETO virtual experience made me forget my immediate surroundingsPerceived realism (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021)PR1: In comparison with the real world, the ZEPETO augmented environment seemed realPR2: My experience in the ZEPETO augmented environment seems consistent with my real-world experiencePR3: The things that happen in the ZEPETO augmented environment look like the things that happen in real lifePR4: This ZEPETO augmented reality–based experience was similar to in-store shopping experienceLuxury purchase intention (Ostovan and Nasr, 2022)LPI1: I am likely to purchase luxury brands in ZEPETOLPI2: I have a strong possibility to purchase luxury brands in ZEPETOLPI3: I Intend to buy luxury brands in ZEPETO again in the futureGoal orientation (Li and Kang, 2025)GO1: No matter what I do, I have the highest standards for myself in ZEPETOGO2: I never settle for second best in ZEPETOGO3: Whenever I am faced with a choice, I try to imagine what all the other possibilities are, even ones that are not present at the moment in ZEPETOAdventure shopping (Coelho et al., 2023)AS1: I find shopping stimulating in ZEPETOAS2: To me, shopping is an adventure in ZEPETOAS3: Shopping is a thrill to me in ZEPETOAS4: Shopping makes me feel like I am in my own universe in ZEPETOGratification shopping (Coelho et al., 2023)GS1: When I'm in a down mood, I go shopping to make me feel better in ZEPETOGS2: To me, shopping is a way to relieve stress in ZEPETOGS3: I go shopping when I want to treat myself to something special in ZEPETO

Construct/Source/Measurement itme

Wow-effect (Arghashi, 2022)WE1: This ZEPETO app amazed me WE2: When I used this ZEPETO app, I often thought “wow”WE3: This ZEPETO app has thrilled me from the very beginningTele-presence (Park et al., 2023)TP1: When I use ZEPETO app, I feel that the character or object is realTP2: When I play ZEPETO app, I feel like I can touch characters and objectsTP3: When I play ZEPETO app, I respond with a smile or talk about a character or object I see in ZEPETO appTP4: When I play ZEPETO app, I feel like I am actually in a virtual worldTP5: When I play ZEPETO app, I can easily understand the atmosphere around meSocial interactivity (Park et al., 2023)SI1: We also exchange opinions on common interests with users through ZEPETO appSI2: I feel close to other users active in ZEPETO appSI3: Users active in ZEPETO app seem to help each other wellSI4: ZEPETO app allows users to have effective meetingsSI5: In ZEPETO app, users recognize and acknowledge my valuePerceived augmentation (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021)PA1: The service can add products to my ZEPETO body virtuallyPA2: The way the products were virtually placed on my ZEPETO body seemed realPA3: The online products seemed to be part of my ZEPETO bodyPA4: The level of reality seemed high on the ZEPETO screenPA5: The ZEPETO products seemed to exist in real timeSense of immersion (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021) SOI1: The ZEPETO app created a new environment that suddenly disappeared at the end of the showSOI2: At ZEPETO, I was unaware of my surroundingsSOI3: During the ZEPETO virtual experience, my body was in the room, but my mind was in the world created by the showSOI4: The ZEPETO app made me forget the reality of the outside worldSOI5: During the ZEPETO virtual experience, I forgot about things that had happened before the show or that would occur after the showSOI6: The ZEPETO virtual experience made me forget my immediate surroundingsPerceived realism (Daassi and Debbabi, 2021)PR1: In comparison with the real world, the ZEPETO augmented environment seemed realPR2: My experience in the ZEPETO augmented environment seems consistent with my real-world experiencePR3: The things that happen in the ZEPETO augmented environment look like the things that happen in real lifePR4: This ZEPETO augmented reality–based experience was similar to in-store shopping experienceLuxury purchase intention (Ostovan and Nasr, 2022)LPI1: I am likely to purchase luxury brands in ZEPETOLPI2: I have a strong possibility to purchase luxury brands in ZEPETOLPI3: I Intend to buy luxury brands in ZEPETO again in the futureGoal orientation (Li and Kang, 2025)GO1: No matter what I do, I have the highest standards for myself in ZEPETOGO2: I never settle for second best in ZEPETOGO3: Whenever I am faced with a choice, I try to imagine what all the other possibilities are, even ones that are not present at the moment in ZEPETOAdventure shopping (Coelho et al., 2023)AS1: I find shopping stimulating in ZEPETOAS2: To me, shopping is an adventure in ZEPETOAS3: Shopping is a thrill to me in ZEPETOAS4: Shopping makes me feel like I am in my own universe in ZEPETOGratification shopping (Coelho et al., 2023)GS1: When I'm in a down mood, I go shopping to make me feel better in ZEPETOGS2: To me, shopping is a way to relieve stress in ZEPETOGS3: I go shopping when I want to treat myself to something special in ZEPETO

Source(s): Table by authors

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