Definitions and response scales of the well-being and psychosocial work environment variables
| Dependent variable | Item or a sample item (for sum variables) | Scale |
|---|---|---|
| Well-being at work (the question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | ||
| Work engagement2 (The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Three items, for example, “At my work I feel that I am bursting with energy” | F |
| Perceived stress 3(The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Stress refers to a situation in which a person feels tense, restless, nervous or anxious or has difficulty sleeping when things are constantly bothering his mind. Do you feel this kind of stress these days? | G |
| Psychosocial factors | ||
| Job demands4(The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Five items, for example, time pressures, deadlines and work overload | A |
| Job control: skill discretion4(The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Six items, for example, the opportunities to develop special abilities within the job | A |
| Job control: decision authority (The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs)4 | Three items, for example, abilities to be part of the decision-making process within the organization | A |
| Team Climate Inventory5(The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | 14 items, for example, participation safety, support for innovation, vision and task orientation | A |
| Relational justice5(The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Six items, for example, whether closest supervisors are truthful, kind and can suppress personal biases | A |
| Effort-Reward Imbalance6 (The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Four items, for example, income, personal satisfaction | H |
| Perceived job insecurity7(The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Five items, for example, threat of termination of one/some jobs, forced layoff, dismissal or involuntary transfer to other duties | I |
| Dependent variable | Item or a sample item (for sum variables) | Scale |
|---|---|---|
| Well-being at work (the question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | ||
| Work engagement | Three items, for example, “At my work I feel that I am bursting with energy” | F |
| Perceived stress | Stress refers to a situation in which a person feels tense, restless, nervous or anxious or has difficulty sleeping when things are constantly bothering his mind. Do you feel this kind of stress these days? | G |
| Job demands | Five items, for example, time pressures, deadlines and work overload | A |
| Job control: skill discretion | Six items, for example, the opportunities to develop special abilities within the job | A |
| Job control: decision authority (The question was asked jointly concerning CRs and ABWs) | Three items, for example, abilities to be part of the decision-making process within the organization | A |
| Team Climate Inventory | 14 items, for example, participation safety, support for innovation, vision and task orientation | A |
| Relational justice | Six items, for example, whether closest supervisors are truthful, kind and can suppress personal biases | A |
| Effort-Reward Imbalance | Four items, for example, income, personal satisfaction | H |
| Perceived job insecurity | Five items, for example, threat of termination of one/some jobs, forced layoff, dismissal or involuntary transfer to other duties | I |
Response scales: A: 1 = Strongly disagree, 2 = More or less disagree, 3 = Neither agree nor disagree, 4 = More or less agree and 5 = Strongly agree; B:A numerical value was required, in minutes, with no restrictions on the range of response; C: 1 = Very easy, 2 = Quite easy, 3 = Neither easy nor difficult, 4 = Quite difficult and 5 = Very difficult; D: 1 = Strongly disagree – 7 = Strongly agree; E: 1 = Very dissatisfied – 7 = Very satisfied; F: 0 = never – 6 = every day; G: 1 = Not at all, 2 = only a little, 3 = Some, 4 = Quite a lot and 5 = Very much; H: 1 = Very little – 5 = Very much; and I: 1 = Very little – 5 = Very much
1Hongisto et al. (2016)
2Schaufeli et al. (2017)
3Elo et al. (2003)
4Karasek (1979)
5Kivimaki and Elovainio (1999)5; Moorman (1991)
6Kivimäki et al. (2007)
7Kivimaki et al. (2000)
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