Table 2

Summary of case study contexts, youth engagement and data sources

Case (location and focus)Youth participants and partnersData collection and sources
Sorrento Saggia (Sorrento, Italy) – Responsible tourism initiative in a coastal cityUniversity students (as part of a course) partnered with the city tourism office, local associations, businesses and community members/residentsParticipant observation (author as facilitator during workshops); project outputs (student presentations, tourism strategy documents); surveys; semi-structured interviews with local officials, community leaders and youth participants; analysis of local and regional policy documents
Renew Towns Lab (Edgerton, USA) – Co-created heritage regeneration project in a small townCollege student team (Enactus); partnered with municipal council members, the local Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) chapter and Edgerton Community Outreach (ECO) and residentsField observations during community meetings and site visits; interviews with youth team members, town officials and organization/nonprofit members; review of project materials (business pitch decks, grant proposals, revitalization plans); follow-up questionnaires to participants gauging perceptions of process, outcomes and future objectives
Youth4Innovation Workshop (Sevilla, Spain) – Global climate innovation exercise at an international conferenceInternational youth delegates (aged ∼18–35) from multiple countries; facilitated by Connect4Climate (a global partnership for a livable planet hosted by the World Bank Group) with support from corporate, nonprofit and academic mentorsParticipant observation throughout the one-day workshop (the author was present as an observer/lead facilitator); collection of workshop outputs (youth group presentations, idea prototypes, the official workshop outcome report); short post-event interviews with workshop organizers and a sample of youth participants; analysis of related communications (press releases, social media summaries) for additional context

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