Summary of ICT knowledge and FI strength
| Case | ICT knowledge | FI strength | Empirical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 – Agritech | High | High | ARM-based reuse and low-cost hardware adaptation enabled by ICT expertise |
| Case 2 – Healthtech | High | High | Lean processes and cost-efficient product design informed by technical literacy |
| Case 3 – Proptech | Initially low; later high | High | FI was strengthened after the entry of an ICT-skilled CTO |
| Case 4 – Traveltech | Low | Low | Lack of technical expertise inhibited frugal innovation |
| Case | ICT knowledge | FI strength | Empirical evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 – Agritech | High | High | ARM-based reuse and low-cost hardware adaptation enabled by ICT expertise |
| Case 2 – Healthtech | High | High | Lean processes and cost-efficient product design informed by technical literacy |
| Case 3 – Proptech | Initially low; later high | High | FI was strengthened after the entry of an ICT-skilled CTO |
| Case 4 – Traveltech | Low | Low | Lack of technical expertise inhibited frugal innovation |
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