Examples of meaningful units and the stepwise coding towards emerging themes as challenges
| Examples of meaningful units in Lewis and Young (2019) | First order codes | Second order codes | Themes (challenges) |
|---|---|---|---|
| “Academics and practitioners are united in the belief that structured quantitative data are insufficient for economic decision-making …” (p. 593) | Need for unstructured data Insufficient data problem for decision-making | Big Data Sampling Source of Biases | Objectivity |
| “The proliferation of information represents a major challenge for users in the form of information overload. Users are naturally concerned about the risk of overlooking relevant information … and the quantum of data is at such a level that the feasibility of analysing it in a timely fashion using only manual methods is questionable” (p. 596) | Information Overload Automation needed | Information Overload Source of Biases | Objectivity |
| “We emphasise the dangers of researchers adopting a ‘black box’ approach to implementing these methods and stress the importance of transparency when describing the steps and choices involved in applying these techniques” (p. 606) | Black box Process Transparency needed | Black Boxes Transparency | Transparency |
| Examples of meaningful units in | First order codes | Second order codes | Themes (challenges) |
|---|---|---|---|
| “Academics and practitioners are united in the belief that structured quantitative data are insufficient for economic decision-making …” (p. 593) | Need for unstructured data | Big Data Sampling | Objectivity |
| “The proliferation of information represents a major challenge for users in the form of information overload. Users are naturally concerned about the risk of overlooking relevant information … and the quantum of data is at such a level that the feasibility of analysing it in a timely fashion using only manual methods is questionable” (p. 596) | Information Overload | Information Overload | Objectivity |
| “We emphasise the dangers of researchers adopting a ‘black box’ approach to implementing these methods and stress the importance of transparency when describing the steps and choices involved in applying these techniques” (p. 606) | Black box | Black Boxes | Transparency |
Note(s): The article overall (based on all 13 meaningful units in this article) was consequently used as evidence for the challenges of Transparency and Objectivity