Table 4

Summary of average instrumental and political disclosures in 2013 and 2016 by the three bank types

Instrumental or political approach to CSRLegitimacy type from Suchman (1995) 20132016% Change from 2013 to 2016****
% of banks disclosing% of banks disclosing% of banks disclosing
LP*S**F***LPSFLPSF
InstrumentalPragmatic - Demonstrate high CSR standards0%11%13%17%22%13%+100%0%
InstrumentalPragmatic- Attract new segment of customers17%33%25%19%33%22%13%0%−13%
InstrumentalPragmatic- Managing Employees10%33%24%8%27%28%−25%−20%17%
InstrumentalManage relationships with key stakeholders22%17%28%29%61%34%32%267%22%
Total14%24%24%19%39%26%35%62%10%
PoliticalMoral - Addressing gaps in public services (healthcare)54%83%53%59%92%67%10%10%27%
PoliticalMoral - Contributing to Arts/culture17%67%30%25%67%40%50%0%33%
PoliticalMoral - Meet society expectations0%0%20%0%67%20%0%+0%
PoliticalMoral - Promote human rights6%0%13%4%33%13%−25%+0%
PoliticalMoral- Protect the environment and adopt sustainability5%10%18%14%27%19%175%167%7%
Total16%26%25%22%46%29%38%73%17%

Source(s): The authors; *LP: Local Private Banks; **S: State Banks; ***F: Foreign Banks; **** all figures are rounded, hence may not correspond with the sum of the separate figures; + denotes an increase from zero percent

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