Table 6. Hypothesis testing results for... | Emerald Publishing

Table 6.

Hypothesis testing results for Europe

Hypothesis	Route	Path coefficient	Effect size (f²)	t-Value	p-Value	Supported
H1	ICT adoption→ financial system	0.616	0.61	5.64	<0.001	Yes
H2	Financial system→ GDP (competitiveness)	−0.270	0.05	0.757	0.44	No
H3	ICT adoption → business dynamism	0.597	0.55	3.67	<0.001	Yes
H4	Business dynamism→ GDP (competitiveness)	0.112	0.00	0.26	0.79	No
H5	ICT uptake→ labor market	−0.904	4.47	1.10	0.27	No
H6	Labor market→ GDP (competitiveness)	1.161	0.25	1.27	0.20	No
H7	ICT adoption→ product market	0.718	1.06	6.75	<0.001	Yes
H8	Product market→ GDP (competitiveness)	0.747	0.25	1.58	0.11	No
H9	ICT adoption→ skills	0.850	2.60	8.94	<0.001	Yes
H10	Skills→ GDP (competitiveness)	−0.302	0.01	0.46	0.64	No
H11	Institutions→ GDP (competitiveness)	1.082	0.12	1.43	0.15	No
H12	ICT adoption→ institutions	0.909	4.74	5.45	<0.001	Yes

Hypothesis	Route	Path coefficient	Effect size (f²)	t-Value	p-Value	Supported
H1	ICT adoption→ financial system	0.616	0.61	5.64	<0.001	Yes
H2	Financial system→ GDP (competitiveness)	−0.270	0.05	0.757	0.44	No
H3	ICT adoption → business dynamism	0.597	0.55	3.67	<0.001	Yes
H4	Business dynamism→ GDP (competitiveness)	0.112	0.00	0.26	0.79	No
H5	ICT uptake→ labor market	−0.904	4.47	1.10	0.27	No
H6	Labor market→ GDP (competitiveness)	1.161	0.25	1.27	0.20	No
H7	ICT adoption→ product market	0.718	1.06	6.75	<0.001	Yes
H8	Product market→ GDP (competitiveness)	0.747	0.25	1.58	0.11	No
H9	ICT adoption→ skills	0.850	2.60	8.94	<0.001	Yes
H10	Skills→ GDP (competitiveness)	−0.302	0.01	0.46	0.64	No
H11	Institutions→ GDP (competitiveness)	1.082	0.12	1.43	0.15	No
H12	ICT adoption→ institutions	0.909	4.74	5.45	<0.001	Yes

Source: Table by authors