Table 4. Main findings from the eight... | Emerald Publishing

Table 4.

Main findings from the eight case hospital projects – the FM employees, the clinical employees and the project leaders (PL) of Sykehusbygg

Topics	FM employees	Clinical employees	The PL role of Sykehusbygg
Framework of user involvement	Less structured – regular meeting plan FM/PM is involved in the early concept phase, and to some extent in the design phase. O&M is more involved in the last part of the design phase and the commissioning phase.	Dedicated PL representing the clinical employees coordinating the group leaders for each discipline Structured meetings – regular meeting plan for six months ahead Fixed agenda Information flow – one week before the meeting Focus groups raising specific topics	The PL of clinical interaction – Coordinates the clinical working groups and facilitates the process of clinical employees. PL of technical issues – Plans and facilitates the involvement of the different technical disciplines Planned decision-making and time for closing the decision gates
Available resources and competencies	PM is 100% in some projects and partly in others (50–70%). O&M is normally not 100% available. Some participate in meetings, while others are 100% available as a part of the design team.	100% dedicated PLs of health-care personnel with medical expertise Group leaders recruited from the clinics	The PLs (technique and clinical interaction) are 100% dedicated to the project. Experienced PL and expertise on facilitation and involvement processes, planning and design of hospitals
Interaction and co-working (physically) between the design team and client organization	In four of the cases, both the PM and the O&M role are involved in the design stage. In two of the cases, the PM is involved, but not the O&M. In two of the cases this is wanted by Sykehusbygg, but not prioritized.	The PL of clinical interaction is part of the design team, and coordinates the information and input from the disciplinary groups.	The PL of clinical interaction and the PL of technique are coordinating the co-working. Physically co-located two to three days a week Working closely with the architects, contractors, planners and consultants
Benefits and lessons learned	Increased understanding among FM employees of the value of engaging external expertise Improved communication internally and between FM and clinical employees Increased professionalism of FM in hospitals Digital VR platform useful for training and preparation of running a new hospital	Ownership and engagement of clinical employees in the Org. and Dev. process Increased productivity Efficiency in terms of “improved work days for the employees” New ways of working at the wards Visualization of patient rooms and corridors Efficient Digital Training platform with VR	Saving costs due to knowledge transfer between O&M and PM from other hospital projects Smart technology and digital tools are beneficial in visualizing and engaging the users. It is sometimes difficult to engage O&M staff when needed

Topics	FM employees	Clinical employees	The PL role of Sykehusbygg
Framework of user involvement	Less structured – regular meeting planFM/PM is involved in the early concept phase, and to some extent in the design phase.O&M is more involved in the last part of the design phase and the commissioning phase.	Dedicated PL representing the clinical employees coordinating the group leaders for each disciplineStructured meetings – regular meeting plan for six months aheadFixed agendaInformation flow – one week before the meetingFocus groups raising specific topics	The PL of clinical interaction – Coordinates the clinical working groups and facilitates the process of clinical employees.PL of technical issues – Plans and facilitates the involvement of the different technical disciplinesPlanned decision-making and time for closing the decision gates
Available resources and competencies	PM is 100% in some projects and partly in others (50–70%).O&M is normally not 100% available.Some participate in meetings, while others are 100% available as a part of the design team.	100% dedicated PLs of health-care personnel with medical expertiseGroup leaders recruited from the clinics	The PLs (technique and clinical interaction)are 100% dedicated to the project.Experienced PL and expertise on facilitation and involvement processes, planning and design of hospitals
Interaction and co-working (physically) between the design team and client organization	In four of the cases, both the PM and the O&M role are involved in the design stage.In two of the cases, the PM is involved, but not the O&M.In two of the cases this is wanted by Sykehusbygg, but not prioritized.	The PL of clinical interaction is part of the design team, and coordinates the information and input from the disciplinary groups.	The PL of clinical interaction and the PL of technique are coordinating the co-working. Physically co-located two to three days a weekWorking closely with the architects, contractors, planners and consultants
Benefits and lessons learned	Increased understanding among FM employees of the value of engaging external expertiseImproved communication internally and between FM and clinical employeesIncreased professionalism of FM in hospitalsDigital VR platform useful for training and preparation of running a new hospital	Ownership and engagement of clinical employees in the Org. and Dev. processIncreased productivityEfficiency in terms of “improved work days for the employees”New ways of working at the wardsVisualization of patient rooms and corridorsEfficient Digital Training platform with VR	Saving costs due to knowledge transfer between O&M and PM from other hospital projectsSmart technology and digital tools are beneficial in visualizing and engaging the users.It is sometimes difficult to engage O&M staff when needed