Theoretical constructs indicators and composite reliability indices
| Theoretical constructs | Measurement items | Mean | Std. deviation | % of variance | Loading factor | Cronbach’s alpha | Cronbach’s alpha standardised items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intention to cruise (INT) (dependent variable) | I intend to go on a cruise as soon as possible | 4.44 | 2.309 | 88.432 | 0.908 | 0.955 | 0.956 |
| Hung and Petrick (2011) | I will say positive things about cruising to other people | 5.04 | 1.973 | 0.928 | |||
| I will recommend cruising to other | 4.80 | 2.114 | 0.968 | ||||
| I will encourage friends and relatives to go on a cruise | 4.53 | 2.216 | 0.956 | ||||
| Perceived crowding (CROW) | There are too many people on the cruise ship | 4.63 | 1.871 | 82.336 | 0.921 | 0.892 | 0.893 |
| Machleit et al. (2000), Hyun and Kim (2015) | Overall, the waiting time for using facilities on the cruise ship was too long | 4.68 | 1.845 | 0.911 | |||
| The cruise ship is too crowded for me | 3.95 | 1.973 | 0.889 | ||||
| Perceived health risk (RISK) | It is dangerous to take a cruise right now because of COVID-19 | 3.98 | 2.116 | 73.735 | 0.858 | 0.910 | 0.910 |
| Novelli et al. (2018), Lee et al. (2012), Cahyanto et al. (2016) | Because of COVID-19, cruises should be avoided right now | 3.41 | 2.153 | 0.817 | |||
| People around me seem to refrain from going on a cruise right now because of COVID-19 | 4.53 | 2.116 | 0.923 | ||||
| COVID-19 is more dangerous than other pandemics (i.e. N1-H1, SARS) | 4.21 | 2.119 | 0.876 | ||||
| I am afraid because COVID-19 is a very frightening disease | 3.87 | 2.007 | 0.814 | ||||
| Trust in the cruise company (TRUST) | I trust my Cruise Company | 5.48 | 1.754 | 93.924 | 0.973 | 0.984 | 0.984 |
| Bart et al. (2005), Guenzi et al. (2009) | Customers can trust my Cruise Company | 5.46 | 1.719 | 0.971 | |||
| My Cruise Company keeps its promises | 5.36 | 1.739 | 0.976 | ||||
| My Cruise Company has my best interests at heart | 5.21 | 1.807 | 0.948 | ||||
| My Cruise Company is trustworthy | 5.46 | 1.745 | 0.978 | ||||
| Reputation (REP) | The reputation of the Cruise Company is high | 5.83 | 1.564 | 87.492 | 0.935 | 0.852 | 0.857 |
| Siomkos and Kurzbard (1994) | The reputation of the Cruise Company is comforting during the COVID-19 | 5.12 | 1.797 | 0.935 | |||
| Social Motivation (MOTIS) | I desire to gain knowledge and enjoy activities that provide a thrill | 5.52 | 1.757 | 78.828 | 0.882 | 0.865 | 0.866 |
| Hung and Petrick (2011), Qu and Ping (1999) | I want to stay with my friends/family and to interact with them | 5.41 | 1.856 | 0.902 | |||
| Cruising provides me with a chance to meet new people and I like to meet different people on a cruise ship | 4.96 | 1.922 | 0.880 | ||||
| Self-confidence (CONFID) | When I am selecting a cruise, I know where to find proper information | 5.61 | 1.726 | 91.373 | 0.947 | 0.968 | 0.969 |
| Valencia and Crouch (2008) | When I am selecting a cruise, I am confident about my research abilities | 5.60 | 1.697 | 0.956 | |||
| When I am selecting a cruise, I know exactly what to ask | 5.57 | 1.724 | 0.969 | ||||
| When I am selecting a cruise, I trust my judgement | 5.72 | 1.617 | 0.951 | ||||
| Familiarity (FAM) | I am well-informed about cruise | 4.78 | 2.112 | 94.298 | 0.966 | 0.970 | 0.970 |
| Nepomuceno et al. (2014) | In comparison to my friends and acquaintances, my level of expertise about cruises is higher | 4.82 | 2.207 | 0.969 | |||
| My level of familiarity and knowledge about the cruise is high | 4.62 | 2.166 | 0.979 |
| Theoretical constructs | Measurement items | Mean | Std. deviation | % of variance | Loading factor | Cronbach’s alpha | Cronbach’s alpha standardised items |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intention to cruise | I intend to go on a cruise as soon as possible | 4.44 | 2.309 | 88.432 | 0.908 | 0.955 | 0.956 |
| I will say positive things about cruising to other people | 5.04 | 1.973 | 0.928 | ||||
| I will recommend cruising to other | 4.80 | 2.114 | 0.968 | ||||
| I will encourage friends and relatives to go on a cruise | 4.53 | 2.216 | 0.956 | ||||
| Perceived crowding ( | There are too many people on the cruise ship | 4.63 | 1.871 | 82.336 | 0.921 | 0.892 | 0.893 |
| Overall, the waiting time for using facilities on the cruise ship was too long | 4.68 | 1.845 | 0.911 | ||||
| The cruise ship is too crowded for me | 3.95 | 1.973 | 0.889 | ||||
| Perceived health risk ( | It is dangerous to take a cruise right now because of COVID-19 | 3.98 | 2.116 | 73.735 | 0.858 | 0.910 | 0.910 |
| Because of COVID-19, cruises should be avoided right now | 3.41 | 2.153 | 0.817 | ||||
| People around me seem to refrain from going on a cruise right now because of COVID-19 | 4.53 | 2.116 | 0.923 | ||||
| COVID-19 is more dangerous than other pandemics (i.e. N1-H1, SARS) | 4.21 | 2.119 | 0.876 | ||||
| I am afraid because COVID-19 is a very frightening disease | 3.87 | 2.007 | 0.814 | ||||
| Trust in the cruise company | I trust my Cruise Company | 5.48 | 1.754 | 93.924 | 0.973 | 0.984 | 0.984 |
| Customers can trust my Cruise Company | 5.46 | 1.719 | 0.971 | ||||
| My Cruise Company keeps its promises | 5.36 | 1.739 | 0.976 | ||||
| My Cruise Company has my best interests at heart | 5.21 | 1.807 | 0.948 | ||||
| My Cruise Company is trustworthy | 5.46 | 1.745 | 0.978 | ||||
| Reputation ( | The reputation of the Cruise Company is high | 5.83 | 1.564 | 87.492 | 0.935 | 0.852 | 0.857 |
| The reputation of the Cruise Company is comforting during the COVID-19 | 5.12 | 1.797 | 0.935 | ||||
| Social Motivation ( | I desire to gain knowledge and enjoy activities that provide a thrill | 5.52 | 1.757 | 78.828 | 0.882 | 0.865 | 0.866 |
| I want to stay with my friends/family and to interact with them | 5.41 | 1.856 | 0.902 | ||||
| Cruising provides me with a chance to meet new people and I like to meet different people on a cruise ship | 4.96 | 1.922 | 0.880 | ||||
| Self-confidence ( | When I am selecting a cruise, I know where to find proper information | 5.61 | 1.726 | 91.373 | 0.947 | 0.968 | 0.969 |
| When I am selecting a cruise, I am confident about my research abilities | 5.60 | 1.697 | 0.956 | ||||
| When I am selecting a cruise, I know exactly what to ask | 5.57 | 1.724 | 0.969 | ||||
| When I am selecting a cruise, I trust my judgement | 5.72 | 1.617 | 0.951 | ||||
| Familiarity ( | I am well-informed about cruise | 4.78 | 2.112 | 94.298 | 0.966 | 0.970 | 0.970 |
| In comparison to my friends and acquaintances, my level of expertise about cruises is higher | 4.82 | 2.207 | 0.969 | ||||
| My level of familiarity and knowledge about the cruise is high | 4.62 | 2.166 | 0.979 |
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