Table A1. Correlations between variables...

Table A1.

Correlations between variables (from questions 2 to 7) whose data sources are SP and online questionnaire (SUSHEQ)

N. Question	VARIABLES	rs	t-statistics	p-value
General data	FO-Sustain and FO-Education	0.485	2.000	0.067
	FO-Sustain and FO-Extension	0.674	3.285	0.006^*
	FO-Sustain and FO-Research	0.593	2.652	0.020
	FO-Sustain and FO-Environmental	0.734	3.894	0.002^*
	FO-Sustain and FO-Social	0.826	5.282	0.000^**
	FO-Sustain and FO-Economic	0.651	3.089	0.009^*
	FO-Sustain and FO-SDG	0.754	4.141	0.001^*
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q2)	Integration of sustainability in the review and improvement of courses through…
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-Sustain	–0.052	0.189	0.853
	…“SDG” and FO-Sustain	0.427	1.701	0.113
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-Sustain	–0.137	0.497	0.628
	…“sustainability principles” and FO-Sustain	0.093	0.337	0.742
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-Education	0.435	1.742	0.105
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-Extension	0.110	0.400	0.696
	…“SDG” and FO-Extension	0.241	0.896	0.386
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-Extension	0.110	0.400	0.696
	…“sustainability principles” and FO-Extension	0.033	0.117	0.908
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-Environmental and FO-Social	–0.205	0.754	0.464
	…“SDG” and FO-Environmental and FO-Social	0.574	2.526	0.025
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-SDG	–0.111	0.401	0.695
	…“SDG” and FO-SDG	–0170	0.062	0.951
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-SDG	–0.168	0.614	0.550
	…“sustainability principles” and FO-SDG	0.163	0.598	0.560
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q3)	Development of sustainability skills in the courses through the…
	…“inclusion of the theme in multiple CU” and FO-Sustain	0.4010	1.619	0.129
	…“extracurriculars initiatives (e.g. seminars, conferences)” and FO-Sustain	0.279	1.048	0.304
	…“inclusion of the theme in multiple CU” and FO-Education	0.424	1.690	0.115
	…“extracurriculars initiatives (e.g. seminars, conferences)” and FO-Education	0.345	1.326	0.208
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q4)	Existence of courses dedicated to sustainability…
	…“using an integrated approach” and FO-Sustain	0.372	1.446	0.172
	…”addressing only the environmental dimension” and FO-Environmental	0.016	0.056	0.956
	…”addressing only the social dimension” and FO-Social	0.330	1.259	0.230
	…”addressing only the economic dimension” and FO-Economic	0.478	1.946	0.071
	and FO-Education	0.215	0.794	0.442
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q5)	Existence of support to the teaching staff and FO-Education	0.073	0.264	0.796
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q6)	Existence of specific pedagogical practices to promote the teaching of sustainability
	and FO-Sustain	0.263	0.982	0.344
	and FO-Extension	0.462	1.878	0.083
	and FO-Education	0.299	1.129	0.279
	…”throughout transdisciplinary studies” and FO-Education	0.361	1.395	0.186
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q7)	Other spaces/facilities where teaching or extracurricular activities on sustainability take place, in addition to the classrooms
	and FO-Sustain	–0.409	1.612	0.132
	and FO-Extension	–0.444	1.785	0.098
	and FO-Social	–0.485	1.999	0.067
	and FO-Education	0.023	0.083	0.935
	and FO-Environmental	–0.069	0.248	0.808

N. Question	VARIABLES	rs	t-statistics	p-value
General data	FO-Sustain and FO-Education	0.485	2.000	0.067
	FO-Sustain and FO-Extension	0.674	3.285	0.006^*
	FO-Sustain and FO-Research	0.593	2.652	0.020
	FO-Sustain and FO-Environmental	0.734	3.894	0.002^*
	FO-Sustain and FO-Social	0.826	5.282	0.000^**
	FO-Sustain and FO-Economic	0.651	3.089	0.009^*
	FO-Sustain and FO-SDG	0.754	4.141	0.001^*
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q2)	Integration of sustainability in the review and improvement of courses through…
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-Sustain	–0.052	0.189	0.853
	…“SDG” and FO-Sustain	0.427	1.701	0.113
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-Sustain	–0.137	0.497	0.628
	…“sustainability principles” and FO-Sustain	0.093	0.337	0.742
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-Education	0.435	1.742	0.105
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-Extension	0.110	0.400	0.696
	…“SDG” and FO-Extension	0.241	0.896	0.386
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-Extension	0.110	0.400	0.696
	…“sustainability principles” and FO-Extension	0.033	0.117	0.908
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-Environmental and FO-Social	–0.205	0.754	0.464
	…“SDG” and FO-Environmental and FO-Social	0.574	2.526	0.025
	…“change or creation of courses (CU)” and FO-SDG	–0.111	0.401	0.695
	…“SDG” and FO-SDG	–0170	0.062	0.951
	…“social and environmental responsibility initiatives” and FO-SDG	–0.168	0.614	0.550
	…“sustainability principles” and FO-SDG	0.163	0.598	0.560
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q3)	Development of sustainability skills in the courses through the…
	…“inclusion of the theme in multiple CU” and FO-Sustain	0.4010	1.619	0.129
	…“extracurriculars initiatives (e.g. seminars, conferences)” and FO-Sustain	0.279	1.048	0.304
	…“inclusion of the theme in multiple CU” and FO-Education	0.424	1.690	0.115
	…“extracurriculars initiatives (e.g. seminars, conferences)” and FO-Education	0.345	1.326	0.208
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q4)	Existence of courses dedicated to sustainability…
	…“using an integrated approach” and FO-Sustain	0.372	1.446	0.172
	…”addressing only the environmental dimension” and FO-Environmental	0.016	0.056	0.956
	…”addressing only the social dimension” and FO-Social	0.330	1.259	0.230
	…”addressing only the economic dimension” and FO-Economic	0.478	1.946	0.071
	and FO-Education	0.215	0.794	0.442
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q5)	Existence of support to the teaching staff and FO-Education	0.073	0.264	0.796
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q6)	Existence of specific pedagogical practices to promote the teaching of sustainability
	and FO-Sustain	0.263	0.982	0.344
	and FO-Extension	0.462	1.878	0.083
	and FO-Education	0.299	1.129	0.279
	…”throughout transdisciplinary studies” and FO-Education	0.361	1.395	0.186
FO-Sustain and SUSHEQ (Q7)	Other spaces/facilities where teaching or extracurricular activities on sustainability take place, in addition to the classrooms
	and FO-Sustain	–0.409	1.612	0.132
	and FO-Extension	–0.444	1.785	0.098
	and FO-Social	–0.485	1.999	0.067
	and FO-Education	0.023	0.083	0.935
	and FO-Environmental	–0.069	0.248	0.808

Source: SUSHEQ – online questionnaire (SUSHEQ); strategic plans (SP); rs = Spearman correlation; N (number of HEIs) = 15; DF (degree of freedom) = 13;

Small effect (< = 0.05);

Large effect when rs is quite close to 1, and p-value is quite smaller compared to significance level (0.05)

Source: Authors’ own creation/work

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