Table 2. Drivers for and barriers to... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

Drivers for and barriers to change in ESD. Adaptation of Blanco-Portela et al. (2017)

	Institutional level
	Individuals	Groups	Organizational
Barriers to change	Negative perceptions among staff and/or students	Group culture and organizational values	Lack of common vision
	Lack of knowledge and/or training	Lack of collaboration between disciplines	Leadership and support
	Lack of support		University policies
	Lack of ownership
Drivers for change	Positive attitudes of staff and/or students	Informal learning activities	Supportive environment and leadership
	Knowledge and training	Supportive institutional culture	University policies
	Engagement and commitment		Informal curriculum
			Quality assurance

	Institutional level
	Individuals	Groups	Organizational
Barriers to change	Negative perceptions among staff and/or students	Group culture and organizational values	Lack of common vision
	Lack of knowledge and/or training	Lack of collaboration between disciplines	Leadership and support
	Lack of support		University policies
	Lack of ownership
Drivers for change	Positive attitudes of staff and/or students	Informal learning activities	Supportive environment and leadership
	Knowledge and training	Supportive institutional culture	University policies
	Engagement and commitment		Informal curriculum
			Quality assurance