Table 2. An overview of practices and... | Emerald Publishing

Table 2.

An overview of practices and activities in health care

Practices	Activities	Data from the hospital (interview)
Education and training	Planning teaching activity Coordinating teaching activity Developing clinical training on the job	“There is the need to teach and also to be motivated to share bachelor theses, opinions, papers and readings” “It is possible to acquire and enrich my professional knowledge through the transmission of documents and planning, teaching classes where we also analyze interesting topics comparing other health-care organizations”
Adherence to rules, guidelines and social norms	Managing human resources administration Managing job timing schedules	“Sometimes it is necessary to modify the daily time schedules because of the basic planning” “Deep analysis of the documents related to potential work conflicts and claims, taking into account the overall regulatory system” “In my daily work, I use to share and communicate with my colleagues also about using the guidelines and hold rules system”
More humane and effective medical care	Assisting, caring for and curing patients Developing informal meetings and support groups Reinforcing organizational citizenship behaviours	“In my experience, it’s important to continuously talk to patients and colleagues to define effective diagnosis and care interventions” “I am very careful with patients, and I really pay attention to improve my knowledge and competences because I think that in the future I will be a patient too, so I hope to find nurses and physicians with passion, really motivated and with great attention to human values”
Organizational effectiveness and improvement	Planning and providing continuous feedback Designing and implementing clinical audits Developing research and teaching projects	“I used to share my knowledge and experiences because I think that only shared knowledge is useful and makes it possible to improve the work quality” “To improve our performance, it would be useful and relevant to create and apply teaching projects very strictly and focus on the real organizational and patient needs”
Patient health-care security and quality of working life	Clinical risk assessment and management Collecting data, elaborating and maintaining a risk register	“I usually pay great attention to the procedures for safe care, such as medications and all the hygiene activities for the patients, also for preventing clinical damage to workers” “At my organization, I have to record all the steps of my surgery activity; I especially must note potential accidents where some patients are likely to have problems or die; there is a daily collection of these data”

Practices	Activities	Data from the hospital (interview)
Education and training	Planning teaching activityCoordinating teaching activityDeveloping clinical training on the job	“There is the need to teach and also to be motivated to share bachelor theses, opinions, papers and readings”“It is possible to acquire and enrich my professional knowledge through the transmission of documents and planning, teaching classes where we also analyze interesting topics comparing other health-care organizations”
Adherence to rules, guidelines and social norms	Managing human resources administrationManaging job timing schedules	“Sometimes it is necessary to modify the daily time schedules because of the basic planning”“Deep analysis of the documents related to potential work conflicts and claims, taking into account the overall regulatory system”“In my daily work, I use to share and communicate with my colleagues also about using the guidelines and hold rules system”
More humane and effective medical care	Assisting, caring for and curing patientsDeveloping informal meetings and support groupsReinforcing organizational citizenship behaviours	“In my experience, it’s important to continuously talk to patients and colleagues to define effective diagnosis and care interventions”“I am very careful with patients, and I really pay attention to improve my knowledge and competences because I think that in the future I will be a patient too, so I hope to find nurses and physicians with passion, really motivated and with great attention to human values”
Organizational effectiveness and improvement	Planning and providing continuous feedbackDesigning and implementing clinical auditsDeveloping research and teaching projects	“I used to share my knowledge and experiences because I think that only shared knowledge is useful and makes it possible to improve the work quality”“To improve our performance, it would be useful and relevant to create and apply teaching projects very strictly and focus on the real organizational and patient needs”
Patient health-care security and quality of working life	Clinical risk assessment and managementCollecting data, elaborating and maintaining a risk register	“I usually pay great attention to the procedures for safe care, such as medications and all the hygiene activities for the patients, also for preventing clinical damage to workers”“At my organization, I have to record all the steps of my surgery activity; I especially must note potential accidents where some patients are likely to have problems or die; there is a daily collection of these data”