Table I

Summary of variables

VariableName of the variableOperationalisation
MARBank marginNet interest or net financing income
ROAReturn on assetsNet income/average total assets
ROEReturn on equityNet income/average total equity
SizeSize of the bankLn(Total Assets)
CRNon-performing loansLn(NPL/Total Loans)
CONCMarket concentrationLn(share of 3 largest banks)
GDPGross domestic productLn(GDP) (IMF)
Banking ModelIslamic vs conventional1 Islamic, 0 otherwise
OWNERSHIP 1Private vs state1 private, 0 otherwise
OWNERSHIP 2Foreign vs local1 foreign, 0 otherwise

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