Table III

Examples of coding activity

PublicationQuotationsOrder penetration pointProduction distributionManufacturing type
Potstada and Zybura (2014, pp. 101-114)“Products can be edited according to individual preferences and the result is immediately observable. Selecting a product of choice offers a multitude of features to choose from. Every option desired in CE, such as where buttons should be located and which form a device should ideally have, can be perfectly harmonised”
“As most products are home-fabricated (except for bigger devices that are fabricated at printing hubs in the vicinity), they can be ordered and self-designed in virtual show rooms and immediately produced ready for use at home”
Engineer-to-order:
Design is produced specifically for each customer
Personal:
Products are manufactured at home
Craft:
Only small-scale products can be produced on such a system – reminiscent of current desktop printers
Nickels (2015, pp. 300-303)“In future, it may be possible to additive manufacture spare parts on demand in decentralised locations […]”
“In small size production, there can also be cost reductions using AM”
Make to order:
Existing designs (spare parts) produced when required
Local:
Printed near to the point of demand
Job shop:
Low volumes, using specialized equipment

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