Table II.

Intra-organizational empowerment

ComponentProcessesOutcomes
Original processes and outcomes of intra-organizational empowermentIncentive managementViability (Perkins et al., 2007)
Subgroup linkages (Christens et al., 2014)Underpopulated settings
Opportunity role structure (Alcantara, 2012; Forenza, 2014, 2016; Forenza and Mendonca, 2017; Peterson et al., 2013; Maton, 2008; Powell, 2013; Powell and Peterson, 2014; Segal et al., 2013; Tesdahl and Speer, 2015)Collaboration between co-empowered subgroups (Carrasco et al., 2016)
Resolved ideological conflict
Resource identification
 Leadership (Forenza, 2014, 2016, 2017; Forenza and Mendonca, 2017; Janssen et al., 2015; Maton, 2008; Powell and Peterson, 2014; Valsania et al., 2016) 
 Social support (Christens and Lin; 2014; Forenza, 2016, 2017; Forenza and Mendonca, 2017; Powell, 2013; Powell and Peterson, 2014) 
 Group-based belief system (Forenza, 2014, 2017; Maton, 2008; Powell, 2013; Powell and Peterson, 2014) 
New processes and outcomes of intra-organizational empowermentTeam empowerment (Yiannakis et al., 2006)
Sense of community (Christens and Lin, 2014; Hughey et al., 2008; Peterson et al., 2013; Powell, 2013; Speer et al., 2013; Wilke and Speer, 2011)
Organizational commitment/organizational citizenship behavior (Christens and Lin, 2014; Daraei et al., 2014; Goudarzvandchegini, and Kheradmand, 2013; Prati and Zani, 2013)

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