Table 5 The coordination of technology... | Emerald Publishing

Table 5

The coordination of technology development in technological and business dimensions

Dimension	Emergent nets	Renewal nets	Current nets
Business Dimension	– Universities have crucial participation in low TRL projects, which are usually funded by leading firms and funding agencies – Actors usually aim to improve their position aiming to participate in medium TRL projects nationally and internationally – A research innovation agenda usually lobbies for the creation or continuation of these projects aligned to a common vision (target product) to attract investments from funding agencies and attract other potential participants such as universities and SMEs – Emergent technologies are jointly prioritized – leading firms usually coordinate these projects, influencing the research direction, but also adapting to the competence of local universities and research institutes	– Multiparty R&D projects in medium TRL are formed mainly between firms (sometimes competitors), funded by these firms and funding agencies – Actors on national projects usually seek to participate in international projects – Bridging borders between SMEs and universities – A research innovation agenda usually emphasizes these projects as a bridge between scientific knowledge and new products in the market. Aligned to a target product, the agenda lobbies for investments in these projects to attract investments from funding agencies nationally and internationally – Technological demonstrators are jointly prioritized – Leading firms usually have a coordinating role in national and international projects that have several funding sources, such as international companies, funding agencies and governmental bodies	– New product development projects in high TRL managed by leading firms with the participation of suppliers and customers – A research innovation agenda sets an envisioned target product or product portfolio – Projects in high TRLs are usually implemented by leading firms “in house”, giving them full control of the R&D
Technological Dimension	– Emergent technologies are identified and selected based on future demonstrators and on target products – Low TRL projects currently on levels 2 or 3 are implemented to raise the TRL of emergent technologies to levels 3 or 4	– Technological demonstrators are identified and selected based on future target products and on emergent technologies developed – Medium TRL projects currently on levels 4, 5 or 6 are implemented to raise the TRL of technological demonstrators to levels 5, 6 or 7	– One or few target products are selected – High TRL projects currently on levels 7 or 8 are implemented to raise the TRL of target products to levels 8 or 9

Dimension	Emergent nets	Renewal nets	Current nets
Business Dimension	– Universities have crucial participation in low TRL projects, which are usually funded by leading firms and funding agencies– Actors usually aim to improve their position aiming to participate in medium TRL projects nationally and internationally– A research innovation agenda usually lobbies for the creation or continuation of these projects aligned to a common vision (target product) to attract investments from funding agencies and attract other potential participants such as universities and SMEs– Emergent technologies are jointly prioritized– leading firms usually coordinate these projects, influencing the research direction, but also adapting to the competence of local universities and research institutes	– Multiparty R&D projects in medium TRL are formed mainly between firms (sometimes competitors), funded by these firms and funding agencies– Actors on national projects usually seek to participate in international projects– Bridging borders between SMEs and universities– A research innovation agenda usually emphasizes these projects as a bridge between scientific knowledge and new products in the market. Aligned to a target product, the agenda lobbies for investments in these projects to attract investments from funding agencies nationally and internationally– Technological demonstrators are jointly prioritized– Leading firms usually have a coordinating role in national and international projects that have several funding sources, such as international companies, funding agencies and governmental bodies	– New product development projects in high TRL managed by leading firms with the participation of suppliers and customers– A research innovation agenda sets an envisioned target product or product portfolio– Projects in high TRLs are usually implemented by leading firms “in house”, giving them full control of the R&D
Technological Dimension	– Emergent technologies are identified and selected based on future demonstrators and on target products– Low TRL projects currently on levels 2 or 3 are implemented to raise the TRL of emergent technologies to levels 3 or 4	– Technological demonstrators are identified and selected based on future target products and on emergent technologies developed– Medium TRL projects currently on levels 4, 5 or 6 are implemented to raise the TRL of technological demonstrators to levels 5, 6 or 7	– One or few target products are selected– High TRL projects currently on levels 7 or 8 are implemented to raise the TRL of target products to levels 8 or 9