Table 2

Cases examined

No.NameNatureWebsiteBrief description
1#EuvsVirusPolicy-drivenwww.euvsvirus.orgEuropean Commission's hackathon and innovation platform for solutions to fight coronavirus
2CrowdspringFor-profitwww.crowdspring.comCommercial platform for professionals’ and organisations’ design contests
3DesignCrowdFor-profitwww.designcrowd.comCommercial platform for professionals’ and organisations’ design contests
4Digital Learning Challenge (XPrize)Policy-drivenwww.xprize.org/challenge/digitallearningNot-for-profit Open Innovation competition to test the efficacy of educational interventions
5EupartnersearchPolicy-drivenwww.eupartnersearch.com/Default.aspxPlatform to foster the exchange of ideas and partnership among European entities as well as the development of new practice for training and education
6Homegrown Innovation ChallengePolicy-drivenhomegrownchallenge.caFoundation-sponsored challenge to allow farmers to sustainably and competitively grow berries out of season in Canada
7Horizon prize for better use of antibioticsPolicy-drivenresearch-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities/prizes/horizon-prizes/better-use-antibiotics_enEuropean Commission’s prize for developing a rapid test to identify respiratory tract infections
8Hydropower Operations Optimisation (H2Os) PrizePolicy-drivenamericanmadechallenges.org/challenges/h2os/US Government-sponsored prize to help clean energy transition by improving the grid’s reliability and resiliency
9Longitude Prize on DementiaPolicy-drivendementia.longitudeprize.orgNot-for-profit challenge for technological solutions to help people affected by dementia
10L-PrizePolicy-drivenwww.energy.gov/eere/ssl/l-prize-competitionUS Government-sponsored technology competition to innovate common light bulb
11NinesigmaFor-profitwww.ninesigma.comCommercial service designing prize challenges for companies’ Open Innovation strategies
12Open Innovation Call in Copenhagen targeting Air Quality and Urban Heat Island EffectPolicy-drivenaccesscities.org/open-innovation-call-in-copenhagen-targeting-air-quality-and-urban-heat-island-effect/Call for ideas aims to reduce the negative impacts of urban air pollution and the heat island effect in Copenhagen
13Open Innovation platformPolicy-drivenwww.openinnovation.regione.lombardia.it/en/loginPlatform created by Lombardy region (Italy) to strengthen governance capacity and to improve the competitiveness of the regional system of knowledge
14Perovskite Start-up PrizePolicy-drivenwww.herox.com/perovskiteprizeUS Government’s prize to accelerate the growth of the domestic perovskite industry
15Procura+ AwardsPolicy-drivenprocuraplus.org/awards/Award to highlight sustainable, circular and innovation procurements by innovative public authorities
16PrometheusPolicy-drivenhei-prometheus.eu/entrepreneurship-acceleration-platform/the-competition/European Union-founded start-up competition for digital transformation and sustainable development
17QmarketsFor-profitwww.qmarkets.net/Private platform helping firms to improve intrapreneurship and open innovation initiatives
18The Big HackPolicy-driven2022.thebighack.makerfairerome.eu/about/Not-for-profit hackathon to develop prototypes for hardware and software projects
19The Sunny AwardsPolicy-drivenwww.herox.com/sunnyawardsUS Government’s award for community solar projects that increase equitable access to solar energy
20WazokuFor-profitwww.wazoku.comCommercial service designing prize challenges for companies’ Open Innovation strategies
21XPrize Carbon RemovalPolicy-drivenwww.xprize.org/prizes/elonmuskFoundation-sponsored challenge to create and demonstrate solutions for carbon removal
22Yet2.comFor-profitwww.yet2.comCommercial service creating Open Innovation platforms for large organisations
23Zillion DesignsFor-profitwww.zilliondesigns.comCommercial platform for professionals’ and organisations’ design contests
Source: Authors’ elaboration

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